Milgram Behavioural Study of Obedience Essay

Free Essays on Rave Community

The Rave Community As indicated by Webster’s word reference a network is characterized as an assemblage of individuals living in a similar spot under similar laws. With this definition, the idea of a network can for all intents and purposes be applied to any gathering of individuals anyplace, and it is. Our general public has various networks climate they are strict instructive or geographic. There is one network that is available in pretty much every other network through at any rate one individual. This is the rave culture. A few people may tend to disagree that a rave fits the meaning of a network. By taking a gander at the historical backdrop of how the rave network became, the individuals who encapsulate it, and the â€Å"laws† or theory that they share, clearly ravers have a network the entirety of their own current impeccably in beat with the various networks in today’s society. At the point when an individual analyzes a culture, a network or a general public it is crucial to consider it’s history and inception with the goal that we can increase a superior comprehension of why they are as they are presently. The rave culture and network can be followed back the extent that one might want to inquire about it. Numerous individuals see a connection between's the rave scene and the 1960’s hippy development with the be-ins the adoration ins and the analyses (hyperreal.org). Local American and African profound moves are fundamentally the same as the rave community’s social events (Brown) and a few times even takes after the revolutionary transformation in France and Italy (Collin, 84). The history is unpredictable to the point that it could undoubtedly make a paper on it’s own, anyway the genuine rave network that we realize today has a progressively strong source. Before 1987-1988,the rave network was for all intents and purposes non-existent. Around this time anyway little move parties were jumping up around Europe, generally in England and Germany. As the notoriety of these European throughout the night parties developed so did its ubiquity around the globe. With in years it had headed out to Australia, Japan and in the long run America ... Free Essays on Rave Community Free Essays on Rave Community The Rave Community As indicated by Webster’s word reference a network is characterized as an assemblage of individuals living in a similar spot under similar laws. With this definition, the idea of a network can for all intents and purposes be applied to any gathering of individuals anyplace, and it is. Our general public has various networks climate they are strict instructive or geographic. There is one network that is available in pretty much every other network through at any rate one individual. This is the rave culture. A few people may don't think so that a rave fits the meaning of a network. By taking a gander at the historical backdrop of how the rave network became, the individuals who encapsulate it, and the â€Å"laws† or reasoning that they share, clearly ravers have a network the entirety of their own current superbly in beat with the various networks in today’s society. At the point when an individual inspects a culture, a network or a general public it is fundamental to consider it’s history and cause so we can increase a superior comprehension of why they are as they are currently. The rave culture and network can be followed back the extent that one might want to inquire about it. Numerous individuals see a relationship between's the rave scene and the 1960’s hippy development with the be-ins the adoration ins and the basic analyses (hyperreal.org). Local American and African otherworldly moves are fundamentally the same as the rave community’s social affairs (Brown) and a few times even looks like the revolutionary transformation in France and Italy (Collin, 84). The history is perplexing to the point that it could without much of a stretch make a paper on it’s own, anyway the real rave network that we realize today has a progressively strong beginning. Preceding 1987-1988,the rave network was basically non-existent. Around this time anyway little move parties were jumping up around Europe, for the most part in England and Germany. As the ubiquity of these European throughout the night parties developed so did its prevalence around the globe. With in years it had headed out to Australia, Japan and in the long run America ...

Common College Essay Topics

Common College Essay TopicsWriting a college essay is not a simple task. The best essays go through a series of stages to perfect the essay before presenting it to the college. Here are some of the most common college essay topics.Family history is often times the topic for family-related articles in college, but not all students get this course. Although there are many essays about the family, it is not the main focus of the essay. It can be dealt with in the last part of the class, though it will require a lot of research. Do not start this assignment until you are sure that you are ready.Philosophy is also one of the popular topics in a college essay. Not all students will like this subject, but it does teach you something and presents the student to society. If your professors will let you write about it, do so with utmost importance.One of the most difficult subjects to tackle in an essay is geography, which usually occurs in the last part of the class. The best way to prepare f or this subject is to know everything you can about the country and its culture. Students should be encouraged to travel to places where they do not live and speak with native people.One of the most important parts of writing a college essay is research. Most students will have to spend several hours to read books and websites related to the topic of the essay. After all, students do not necessarily have to write an essay, they only need to communicate ideas.Honors is one of the more common college essay topics. There are many topics that involve high school graduates that might also consider this subject, as it is a way to express their love for the school and themselves.Sports is another common topic in college essays. It can cover any subject, such as drama, music, or athletics. Many high schools have teams in their school that compete in athletic events.As long as you feel comfortable doing research, you can write about almost anything you want. Also, consider the style of the s chool. Some are formal, while others are more informal. Just make sure that you know the basic rules before you start writing.

About Genealogy 10 Online Sources for Holocaust Research

Analysis of the Sociological Theories - 1282 Words

The four sociological theories are (1) Functionalisms, (2) Conflict Theory, (3) Symbolic Interaction and (4) rational choice. Functionalism believes that each part of society works in its own way and that the whole is interrelated so that one feeds into the other and the whole works together harmoniously as a unit. The government, for instance, provides education and libraries for its citizens and citizens, in turn, pay taxes to the government so that the whole country profits. Schools provide education for children, and families depend upon schools to provide education so that children will become employable. The children, in turn, become literate, law-abiding citizens who grow up to become productive citizens in their won way. In this way, each segment of society interacts to work together as a cohesive whole providing stability and productivity. Conflict Theory Society is in a perpetual state of conflict with bourgeois, or propertied class, exploiting the workers. Society is in a conflict, constantly changing, negative state. Conflict theory is the opposite of functionalism in that it sees conflict as being the personification of every single segment of society. This includes race, religion, gender, politics, and economy. Powerful people are wrestling with and exploiting the weaker and under-privileged and unequal groups usually have conflicting values that cause competition and conflict. This results in the constantly changing face of history. SymbolicShow MoreRelatedIs There A Sociology Of Love?1046 Words   |  5 Pagessexual relationships Sociological perspectives are theories that we use in the sociological world to view our social environment. These are principles set in sociology to answer, illustrate, describe or relate to a certain phenomenon, to give us a perception on a subject. The sociology theories are to enable us to analyse, predict or explain our social sphere. There are macro and micro level analysis of how perspectives work. 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A Vendetta and The Three Strangers Essay Example For Students

A Vendetta and The Three Strangers Essay At the beginning of the both stories of A Vendetta and The Three Strangers, you can sense straight away that the story is a mystery. I am going to compare and contrast the way in which the authors develop a sense of mystery in these stories.  Thomas Hardy and Guy De Maupassant both develop a sense of mystery in the two stories A Vendetta and The Three Strangers by starting the story with the settings. The settings are both the same and it starts in a lonely cottage in an isolated village. Thomas Hardy explains the seasons as long and inimical he is emphasing the hostile environment. Both of the stories are entertaining and interesting to read. It is like a puzzle with lots of clues to guess what is going to happen next, and some red herrings to send you the wrong way in guessing. Would you hang a starving man for sheep stealing to feed his family? The mysteries set by the stories are developed and resolved at the literal level of the narrative, but the mystery of the relationship between justice, revenge and morality remains. This is because we do not know the moral of the story only the authors know the answer. This means that the whole story has never been recovered, and so nobody knows. I think that The Three Strangers is more detailed and much longer than A Vendetta. The language is very old, ancient because it was set in the 1820s so it was definitely written in the 1870s or 1880s this gives you a more idea of a mystery idea to the story. An example is this Fifty years ago such a lonely cottage stood on a such down, and may possibly be standing there now.  I think that A Vendetta was written a bit later than The Three Strangers because you can tell that it is in plain English. Guy de Maupassant does not really make us read it as it was happening today, because there is not much detail. In Thomas Hardys story he explains the environment more clearly and in lots of detail, so that you can picture it as though it is real. Thomas Hardy describes the settings. Here is a quotation Among the few features of agricultural England which retain an appearance but little modified by the lapse of centuries This means that it was an unchanged landscape. Also the weather is described as windy and it was raining heavily. In A Vendetta Guy de Maupassant describes the surroundings of the house and areas. Guy De Maupassant gives us the impression that the surrounding are extremely dangerous because it is built on a mountain overlooking the sea. Also he makes us feel that it very quiet around the area where the widow lives. Guy De Maupassant makes it feel scary so that we read on with the rest of the story. This is very important to the reader so that the reader can get the story, and carry on reading. Important also the reader could read more of the authors books such as A Vendetta and The Three Strangers.  The descriptions of the settings help to develop a sense of the nature of the mystery otherwise if there are no descriptions, there would be no sense of mystery let alone the story.  The time of day in Thomas Hardys story was night, you can tell because he writes, It was nearly time for a full moon this tells us that it was late at night, whereas in A Vendetta Guy de Maupassant states that the old widow going to kill Nicolas Ravolatti was in the morning. .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .postImageUrl , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:hover , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:visited , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:active { border:0!important; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:active , .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82 .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub7d8a707bfcef1395d96d188873e7a82:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A comparison of the themes of Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard EssayThe environment around was that it was raining heavily and so you could be expected to find some stranger at your doorstep asking you if he could stay. Also Thomas Hardy writes, The most salient of the shepherds domestic erections was an empty sty at the forward corner of the hedgeless garden. Hardy is emphasising the words which are underlined, to describe the environment around, saying that everything outside was really empty but inside was really full. The effect is that something wrong will happen because the inside is so full while the outside is so empty. Thomas Hardy describes the way places are, for example a quotation The principles of masking the homelier features of your establishment by a convectional frontage was unknown.  Here are the changes after he has entered the house, the weather had changed, rain had come pouring down, louder beatings of the rain on the cabbage leaves of the garden, on the eight or ten beehives just clearly seen by the path, and its dripping from the eaves into a row of buckets and pans that had been placed under the walls of the cottage. These changes build up a sense of mystery because they were totally different from the outside world. There are many many more changes but there is no need to list all of them.  The nature of the man was that he was tall, predicted an age of 40 years old, suggested to the black-coated tribes of men. The stranger was thirsty and hungry. The stranger was living on the streets, so he was forced to pick up anything from the floor. This builds up a sense of mystery because Hardy writes about the clothes which are unusual and could say that the man looks bad in sense. The question that we could ask about the nature of this man is that Why doesnt the nature of this man match his appearance? Another question to ask ourselves is Is it right to kill a man for stealing a sheep? Is a mans life worth more than a sheep? My personal answer is that a mans life is much more worth than a sheep. Whereas the question to ask ourselves about A Vendetta is Was the old woman right to avenge her son? My answer is that it was right to avenge her son because if I had lost a son after somebody had killed my son I would kill them, but not as brutally as the old widow did with her dog. There would have been another way, it is to forget who it was that murdered her son and carry on with your life instead of finding the man and killing him of.

Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Essay Example

Report of Transcom Beverage Bd Paper Chapter- 1 (introduction) TRANSCOM TRANSCOM TRANSCOM 1. 1: Company overview: Overview: On the basis of an exclusive Franchise for Bangladesh from Pepsico USA, TBL acquired threemodern bottling plants at Dhaka,  Chittagong and Bogra from BBIL, Dhaka; EBIL,  Chittagongand NBIL, Bogra; in March 2000. TBL manufactures the famous Pepsi range of beverages-Pepsi, 7up, Mirinda Orange, Mirinda Lemon,  Slice and Soda. As a corporate citizen Pepsicobelieves it has a responsibility to contribute to the quality of life in our communities. TBL hasput into action this philosophy through  support of social agencies, projects and programs and thescope of this support is extensive and  it has not been difficult to blend with this philosophy sincethe TRANSCOM group also followed such a  corporate ideology. 1. 2 Objective of the study: Broad objective: Marketing Mix(4 p ¶s) Analysis and Competitors Evaluation? Specific objectives: †¢ To find the business portfolio of Transcom Food Beverage ltd. †¢ To know the marketing strategy of Transcom Food Beverage ltd. †¢ To find the pricing Transcom Food Beverage products. †¢ To find the Transcom Food Beverage ltd. ommunication system. †¢ To find the product of   Transcom Food Beverage in   last year †¢ To find the  last year product performance of   Transcom Food   Beverage ltd. 1. 3 Limitations of the study: In every research many work there is some limitations that the researcher faces while preparingdifferent activities. In the process of the research work,  we also faced certain limitations thathampered the actual findings and analysis of our research work. Some of these notablelimitations can be identified are: The topic is mainly focused on product marketing strategy of Transcom Food Beverage Ltd. Transcom is a group of company. We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Transcom Beverage Bd specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Transcom Beverage Bd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Report of Transcom Beverage Bd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But here we emphasizing on   TranscomFood Beverage Ltd. So it seems to us as a  limitation of the study. They are very busy with their regular task. So, it becomes quite difficult for them to givetime to the outsiders. And also there are  some rules and regulations so that we cannotenter to the head office. So, that we have to talk with their company officers,staffs,employes . That was a big  limitation for us. We got only 2-3 weeks to prepare this report. This could be a limitation of this study. We had  faced electricity problem which consumed our  lot of time. It was a big limitation for us. Chapter -2 Research Methodology 2. 1: Sampling Plan: Sampling Procedure: The sampling procedure has been conducted on thedeliberate sampling method has used where  the respondents and the interviewees. Sampling Unit: In order to carry out the  research work, the study was focused ontaking the interviews of the personnel involved in the Transcom Food beverage ltd. 1. Number of respondents: 20 2. Age range: 20-40 3. Occupation: Student, housewife, service  holder 4. Economic status: Higher, middle class, lower  class. 5. Geographic location: Dhaka and outside dhaka. 2. 2 Data  Collection Techniques: Questionnaire: Unstructured and open-ended questionnaires (please see appendix) were asked to the  differentpeople of different areas of Bangladesh to find whether they are satisfied with Products of  Transcom Food Beverage ltd or not. Observations: When we visited the Gulshan office of   Transcom Beverage that time we used our ownobservations to collect certain pieces of  information about their product marketing strategy, newproduct performance as well as coming product of   Transcom food   Beverage ltd. Secondary Information: Secondary information has collected  by reviewing websites and some articles printed time totime and other relevant documents. . 3: Sources of Data Collection: Primary: The primary information is gathered through  informal interviews of the   employees working over  there under   Transcom Food Beverage. Secondary: Secondary sources had also  used to collect information. Secondary sources  include: †¢ Different articles, index of Transcom Foo d   Beverage ltd. †¢ Visiting website of Transcom Company. †¢ Physical visiting to Transcom Beverage factory. †¢ Other sources Chapter -3 Finding and analysis (part-1) 3. 1 Business Portfolio of Transcom Beverage: Beverage Items: 1. Pepsi 2. Diet Pepsi 3. Pepsi Blue 4. Pepsi Light 5. 7Up 6. Up ice 7. Mountain Dew 8. Slice 9. Mirinda 10. Mirinda Orange Food Items: †¢ Pizza Hut †¢ K FC 3. 2: The marketing strategies: Transcom Beverage is one of the leadind soft drinks proveder. Their solutions strategy leveragesone of our greatest assets a portfolio of outstanding quality. differentiate these solutionsofferings based on our in-depth consumer understanding, with a strong focus on social location. 3. 2. (1): Packaging and Branding: Packaging: Packaging involves designing and producing the container or wrapper for aproduct . Packaging plays a  part in delivering beverages to  customers safely. In all of   the production facilities, they minimize packaging waste from the supplies they receive,and they strive to reuse, recycle, or recover as much as possible of their waste. however, Blow-molding is a manufacturing process used  in the plastics and polymers industries to create hollowbut strong containers for their clients. Polyethylene Terephthalate (P. E. T. ) bottles aremanufactured using the blow-molding process. Currently, we are  constructing a blow-moldingproduction line at the Raleigh production facility. By implementing the blow-molding process,we will eliminate the ordering, shipping lizing of pre-madeP. E. T. bottles. Branding: 7 Up is a brand of a lemon-lime flavored non-caffeinated soft drink  . The rights tothe brand are held by Dr Pepper Snapple Group in the United States, and PepsiCo (or itslicensees) in the rest of the world, including Puerto  Rico, where the concentrate  is manufacturedat the Pepsi facility in Cidra. The7 Uplogo includes a red spot between the 7 and Up; this redspot has been animated and used as a mascot for the brand as Cool Spot. KFC is under the Yum! Brand name. Yum! also owns Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, LongJohn Silvers and AW, with more than 35,000 restaurants around the world. Product positioning: A product can be positioned  in the minds of the customer by 1. Maintaining proper attributes 2. Offering desired benefits 3. Using strong beliefs and values. 4. Continues communication Pepsi has always been brand that  embodies the most prevalent youth sentiment. Over the  years as youth has evolved, so  have Pepsi’s positioning and language. It  has, however, consistentlystood for what the youth stands for  ± right from  µYeh Dil Maange More ¶ to  µYeh HaiYoungistaan Meri Jaan ¶. Brand positioning of 7. up: The  brand ¶s proposition of ? Ekdum Asli Indian? Absolutely RealIndian) was brought alive on outdoors in some very interesting ways. KFC : A regional credit union that had an image that was outdated and did not reflect their  positioning . Their unique selling position was one  to one relatiomship with their customer whowere mostly working class individual. They also handeled all of their marketing and advertising 3. 2. ( 2): Pricing of Transcom food and beverage Products: Transcom food item price( pizza hut kfc  ) Product  name   Mrp KFC(  special  Burger)  180. 00  +  vat KFC(regular)  120. 00  +  vat KFC(Bucket)  850  +  vat KFC(French  fry)  95  +  vat KFC(  Soft  Drinks)  20. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(6  inc  pizza)  280. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(12  inc  pizza)  520. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(18  inc  pizza)  950. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(burger)  150. 00  +  vat Pizza  Hut(shorma)  95. 00  +  vat Transcom beverage item price(soft drinks) Product  Name   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MRP Pepsi  (250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk Pepsi  (500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Pepsi  (1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk 7Up(250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk 7Up(500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk 7Up(1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk MountainDew(250ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk MountainDew(500ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Mountain  Dew(1liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk Slice  (250ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15. 00tk Mirinda (250  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12. 00tk Mirinda(500  ml)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  28. 00tk Mirinda(  1  liter)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  50. 00tk 3. 2. (3): Transcom food and beverage communication process Television: The TV commercial generally considered the most important media. For this  Ã‚  reason,when   Transcom Beverage launch  a new product they first make a meaningful advertise,because TVadvertisment catch the eyes of customer very rapidly. People are encouraged bythe new tv advertisment. Internet:  Nokia also use the internet and World Wide Web for their worldwide communicationprocess. Their ads include contextual ads that appear on search engine results pages. Event Sponsor:   Every year Transcom Beverage   sponsor various types of program. By doing this they getpublicity indirectly. For Example sometimes pepsi arrange football and  Criket match. They also arrange   Ã‚  Cultural function, concert etc. Press Advertising:  Press advertising describes advertising in a print medium such as  newspaper, magazineand journal. Transcom food and beverage print their ads by press  medium. Billboard:  Ã‚  This is one of the popular medium in communication process. Its cost is less than tvcommercials. If anyone miss the TVads or press advertising hopefully they will   not  missthe billboard ads. We can easily see a Transcom food and beverage(Pepsi,Pizzahut,KFC)billboard at prominent area in Bangladesh. Transcom food and beverage use 3 types of  billboard such as, Fixed, Moving and Neon Sign. Chapter-5 Conclusion Transcom food and beverage is well known franchise group in Bangladesh. Day by day it isincreasing its market segmentations. Transcom Foods Ltd Executive Director Akku Chowdhuryreceived the CEOs Award for  KFC and Running Great  Restaurants Pizza Hut award from Yum! Indian Subcontinent in Delhi at the franchisee awards show recently. This however was not the first award that Transcom Foods Ltd has been honoured  with. Therestaurants in Dhaka have been awarded twice before for being the best in the region. This recent accomplishment certainly asserts the standard of these international franchisees inBangladesh and their continued commitment to the customers. These early industrial ventureshave moved over  to businesses involved in high-tech manufacturing, international trading anddistribution, forming strong ties with a host of blue chip  multinational companies. In recent yearsTranscom has emerged as an increasingly significant media house in Bangladesh. If transcomfollow our suggestions which we think is appropriate for them so they can improve  more fromtheir current  position.

Biography of Martha Ballard

Biography of Martha Ballard Free Online Research Papers Martha Ballard lived in Maine in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Her life was one of hard work and strife. We only know of her from the daily journal that she kept. Martha wrote about her daily chores and business of being the de-facto doctor in her small village. She also shows how she needed her whole family to work if they were to survive. This journal not only tells us of her life but also gives us a glimpse into the social and economic struggles of early American History. When Martha was 50 years old she had five children from ages seven to thirty-one, and all lived at home. They all lived in a one room home that would be very crowded. Her journal does not specify if the family had any problems with the arrangement. The family rented a house in the village where they lived even though they did own land. This is obviously common in early American history as many families were big and many kids would live at home longer to help farm and bring in money to the family. The land they owned would not be livable until it was properly cleared, which wasn’t until 1800. Young girls would spin cotton and usually take the cotton to other women to weave for them or until they could weave on their own. The men would work the fields or find jobs that paid cash. Martha’s husband Effrom worked at a sawmill and was also a surveyor, which kept him out of the house many nights of the year. So when he was away Martha was the head of the Household and would keep up on the garden and chop wood for the family Martha served the village as a mid-wife and doctor. As a mid-wife she would often be called on in the middle of the night when a woman would go into labor. Martha would go to the woman’s house and stay with her until the woman would give birth. Over the years Martha would deliver over a thousand babies and never lose a mother and only a few babies were lost. This seems to be why most women would call on Martha first, whether it was for a delivery or for a malady. Even though there were other doctors around most women trusted Martha before any other. There was one doctor in particular, Benjamin Paige, that Martha thought was nothing but a bungler who would give people drugs and then walk away. There was an epidemic of Scarlet Fever in Martha’s region in the late 18th century. Many people died during it including Martha who lost three daughters. This was the beginning of hard times for Martha’s family and those in the village. Death seemed to be an event that was constantly reminding the people of the town how difficult life was. On one of her daughters 18th birthday during the epidemic Martha had to watch her husbands sawmill burn to the ground. Martha did not talk a whole lot about her husband’s business in her journal but we can decipher a lot by what she did say. After the Sawmill Effrom became a surveyor for wealthy businessmen in Boston. These men thought that they owned the frontier land in the west. Meanwhile there were settlers and trappers in the frontier who believed that they owned the land. So when Effrom was hired to survey the land and create maps of the property lines he would be attacked and his survey equipment would be destroyed. This shows us how land was a big commodity in the early American History and how far people would go to keep it. Really no one knew who had the rights to the land and that led to many confrontations between businessmen and settlers. Effrom was attacked twice before he decided to quit (he only told Martha about one) and become a tax collector. Effrom needed to work jobs that would pay money. Martha would get paid in a mix of things like coffee, grain, sugar, snuff b oxes and sometimes shillings. On her 600th delivery she was paid nine shillings and she gave one shilling and six pence to the child as a gift. In one of her entries in the journal Martha mentioned a meeting with Rebecca Foster who was the wife of the Pastor of the village church. She told Martha that while her husband was away that she was raped by the Judge North (one of Effrom’s employers). She was pregnant with the Judge’s child. The case went to trial and Martha testified on what she knew. The Judge was eventually acquitted and Martha was so disappointed that she stopped going to church for four years. This shows that even then that powerful men rarely had to take responsibility for their actions. This continues to this day. Even though some things are the same now, one thing that we find that is completely different is premarital sex. It was not uncommon or frowned upon to become pregnant before wedlock. The only thing that would carry a bad stigma would be if the father refused to marry the girl he got pregnant. This is very strange since they were living in a time where religion played a key r ole in daily life. In today’s society where religion plays a smaller role this is severely frowned upon and it is usually directed towards the woman. In 1800 Martha and Effrom were able to move into their own home. Even though the house and land were in their first born son’s name Martha and Effrom lived there. This new location severely hurt Martha’s business as a mid-wife because it was not as easy to travel to women’s houses. In 1799 Martha delivered 51 times, while in 1802 she only handled 11 deliveries. This put a lot of strain on Martha. Especially after Effrom was jailed for not collecting taxes and her oldest son moved in with his family and took control over the house. This shows a common theme that started to happen all across America after the Revolutionary War. The younger generation started to become more and more deferent to authority figures. Martha’s hired help even threatened to sue them if they did not pay her what she was owed. Young people were starting to think that these new freedoms that the country had gained granted them some sort of freedom as well. This was happening not only in small towns but also reflects what was happening with slaves on plantations, students at universities and apprentices with their masters. People were revolting more and more against authority. Martha’s journal definitely portrays what daily life for those living in the late 18th and early 19th centuries was like. But it also gives us a great look into the physical, social, and economical life of that era as well. Whether it was dealing with death and disease or land battles and the fight for equality. She has given us more than what she probably ever realized she would. Historical pieces like hers are greatly important for us to understand what is was that they had to endure to survive. The country was going through growing pains itself and the colonists were trying to eek out a life of their own. Stuck in the middle of frontier life and a growing economy, these were not easy times, but thanks to Martha Ballard and her journal we understand them a little bit more. Research Papers on Biography of Martha BallardPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesWhere Wild and West MeetMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on Children

History of Accounting From Ancient Times to Today

History of Accounting From Ancient Times to Today Accounting is a system of recording and summarizing business and financial transactions. For as long as civilizations have been engaging in trade or organized systems of government, methods of record keeping, accounting, and accounting tools have been in use. Some of the earliest known writings discovered by archaeologists are accounts of ancient tax records on clay tablets from Egypt and Mesopotamia dating back as early as 3300 to 2000 BCE. Historians hypothesize that the primary reason for the development of writing systems came out of a need to record trade and business transactions. Accounting Revolution When medieval Europe moved toward a monetary economy in the 13th century, merchants depended on bookkeeping to oversee multiple simultaneous transactions financed by  bank loans.   In 1458 Benedetto Cotrugli invented the double-entry accounting system, which revolutionized accounting. Double-entry accounting is defined as any bookkeeping system that involves a  debit and/or credit  entry for transactions. Italian mathematician and Franciscan monk Luca Bartolomes Pacioli, who invented a system of record keeping that used a memorandum, journal, and ledger, wrote many books on accounting. Father of Accounting Born in 1445 in Tuscany, Pacioli is known today as the father of accounting and bookkeeping. He wrote Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita (The Collected Knowledge of Arithmetic, Geometry, Proportion, and Proportionality) in 1494, which included a 27-page treatise on bookkeeping. His book was one of the first published using the historical  Gutenberg press, and the included treatise was the first known published work on the topic of double-entry bookkeeping. One chapter of his book, Particularis de Computis et Scripturis (Details of Calculation and Recording), on the topic of record keeping and double-entry accounting, became the reference text and teaching tool on those subjects for the next several hundred years. The chapter  educated readers about the use of journals and ledgers; accounting for assets, receivables, inventories, liabilities, capital, income and expenses; and keeping a balance sheet and an income statement.   After Luca Pacioli wrote his book, he was invited to teach  mathematics  at the Court of Duke Lodovico Maria Sforza in Milan. Artist and inventor  Leonardo da Vinci  were one of Paciolis students. Pacioli and da Vinci became close friends. Da Vinci illustrated Paciolis manuscript  De Divina Proportione (Of Divine Proportion), and Pacioli taught da Vinci the mathematics of perspective and proportionality. Chartered Accountants The first professional organizations for accountants were established in Scotland in 1854, starting with the Edinburgh Society of Accountants and the Glasgow Institute of Accountants and Actuaries. The organizations were each granted a royal charter. Members of such organizations could call themselves chartered accountants. As companies proliferated, the demand for reliable accountancy shot up, and the profession rapidly became an integral part of the business and financial system. Organizations for chartered accountants now have been formed all over the world. In the U.S., the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants was established in 1887.

Corporate Finance-Mergers and acquisitions Essay

Corporate Finance-Mergers and acquisitions - Essay Example Generally, mergers are brought about in a consensual and cordial environment where the target company helps the purchaser in a 'due diligence' process to ensure that the deal is beneficial to both parties. But acquisitions are sometimes "hostile", in that the acquiring company purchases in the open market a majority of outstanding shares of the target company against the wishes of the target company's board of directors. 'Mergers and acquisitions should be value creating for the shareholders of both the 'offeror' and the 'offeree' companies'. Value creation is also necessary for further growth. Creating value implies earning a return on invested capital in excess of the cost of capital over time; or earning a strictly positive profit, that is where revenue minus all expenses is greater than zero. Value creators do not have to worry about a capital shortage. They are either flush with internal funds to meet their investment needs, or can attract the needed capital from the markets, which are always in search of profitable investment opportunities. And such companies will also create over time a cadre of managers who have higher standards and better capabilities than the competition. Many companiCurrent state of M&A Many companies have had recourse to M&A as a sure path to fast growth. Operational synergy and economies of scale are the strengths of M&A propelling growth. But the failure of many M&A in the 1990s has actually reduced shareholder value instead of increasing it and as a consequence, both management and investors are now taking a closer look at what makes a merger or acquisition a success or a failure. (K@W, 2003). But there have been some exceptions and one exception has been the recent acquisition of Arcelor by Mittal. The Acquisition of Arcelor by Mittal The rise of Mittal Steel has been a story of growth and expansion through acquisitions, beginning with that of the Iron and Steel Company of Trinidad and Tobago in 1989 and culminating in 2006 in the acquisition of Arcelor, Europe's largest steel producer. Mittal has grown by buying struggling steel plants around the world and knitting them into the world's biggest steel company. It has a strong presence in North America and Europe, but in Asia its operation is confined to Kazakhstan. It is the world's largest and most global steel company, with shipments of 49.2 million tons and revenues of over $28.1 billion in 2005, owning steel-making facilities in 16 countries and employing over 224,000 people. The shares of the company are listed on the New York and Amsterdam stock exchanges. The company produces a broad range of products for the flat and long products markets and has among its customers well known names in the automotive, engineering and appliance sectors. (http://www.mittals teel.com/company/Profile.htm) Mittal Steel announced its intention to acquire Arcelor on 27 January 2006, for a total of 24 billion euros. Arcelor had been created in 2002 by the merger of Aceralia, Arbed and Usinor, with an intention of mobilizing their technical, industrial, and commercial synergies in a joint

Lyme Disease and How the Immune System Responds Research Paper

Lyme Disease and How the Immune System Responds - Research Paper Example Early symptoms are then further divided into localized which usually include a characteristic circular rash, fever, malaise and flu like symptoms. The symptoms of early disseminated infection are mainly due to the spread of the bacteria in the blood stream in two to three days after the initial infection and include dizziness, migrating pain in the muscles, palpitations, neuroborreliosis and infections of the lymph nodes. The disease could also lead to many cardiac anomalies like atrioventricular block. The disease if not treated properly or left untreated could lead to its persistent chronic form. The major parts of the body that are usually affected by this late, chronic form of the disease are eyes, brain and heart. Extreme cases of the disease may also lead to paraplegias. Pathogenesis The pathogenic organism is present in the saliva of the ticks and transferred to the blood stream while the ticks are feeding on the human blood. The tick’s saliva protects the organism and allows it to invade the dermis while avoiding the initial protective system of the human body. After invasion, an inflammatory response develops against the organism which is usually is the cause of its characteristics initial lesions. Neutorphils however fail to invade the site of infection, enabling the bacteria to survive linger at the site of infection. ... RESPONSE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM Innate Immunity Innate immune response is usually the body’s first and immediate response to any foreign antigen; in this case the bacteria (Borrelia). The cells usually involved in providing the innate immunity are called as the natural killer cells which include neutrophils, dendritic cells, monocytes and granulocytes. However in Lyme’s disease neutrophils usually fail to invade the site of infection which allows the organism to survive for a longer duration. In the absence of neutorphills, the dendritic cells acquire a primary role of killing the pathogen. The dendritic cells engulf the bacteria by the process of phagocytosis. After the bacterium is phagocytosed, it is either killed by lysosomal enzymes or by the production of toxic substances e.g. Nitric Oxide, that degrade bacterial cell membrane leading to its death (Dietrich and Hartung 2001). Dendritic cells having acquired this primary role of killing the cells perform many other f unctions too in the early manifestation of the infection. The dendritic cells cause the release of several mediators e.g. IL8, 12 and 1 as well as TNF alpha. All these mediators released by dendritic cells play an important role in the early defenses against the disease as well as development of the acquired immunity. Complement system Apart from the innate response that is directly involved in the killing of foreign pathogens, one important aspect of immunity against borrelia infection is the activation of the complement system. The complement system is a complex of 20 proteins which are activated by the antigen antibody complexes. Functions of the complement system involves: activation of specific immune mechanisms e.g. release of certain chemical mediators, direct

English Commentary :: English Literature

English Commentary The following is a commentary on paragraph in P.G 211 a 212 in the Sorrow of War.. The paragraph from page 211 to 212 has a very important significance to the story as a whole. It has a lot of metaphors and similes that add to the sorrowful mood of the story. In the beginning, the paragraph is very poetic, juxtaposing past images of life to future and present images of death and destruction. In specific it juxtaposes the "eternal" beauty of his girlfriend Phuong to the tragic finality of war. The paragraph is written in the simple past tense, the perfect past tense which means the past before the past and the hypothetical "would" in order to emphasize Kien's deep longings to relive the past. It also shows us how Kien lost his spirit of fighting, and gave up hope. This is spiritual loss, and it is what most soldiers were experiencing. There is basically no more hope, no more life, just death. Overall, the paragraph reflects images of the sorrows of war. The sorrows and effects of war are clearly shown when the narrator reverses traditional symbols. The first very evident example of reversing traditional symbols is the narrator's use of the concept of "miracle" and "dream" not to talk about a future goal but about the past. Thus returning to the past and finding it "unchanged" becomes a "miracle" and a "dream". We usually dream of the future and hope for a miracle that would "change" our lives. However the miracle that Kien awaits is to find that the past still exists "untouched" and "untainted". Of course that miracle is impossible and consequently the paragraph has a deep nostalgic sadness. Like Kien, we can feel the painful irony of the impossibility of this miracle to happen. Other images function in the same way to show Kien's despair and loss of hope. He saw "a river stretching before him. He saw himself floating towards his death". Here the narrator compares the river to a path that ends life. However, we usually associate rivers with freedom and ongoing life. The narrator also says "fate waited to take him from the terrible present to the happy days of the past". The narrator is showing us how much he longs to relive the past and how he dreads the present, and views his future as a horrible period of time. In the beginning of the paragraph, the narrator creates a beautiful world untouched by war through many poetic images. The narrator says "she would have been untainted by war". This shows us how war has

Natural Law does not provide an adequate basis for morality Essay

In this essay, the arguments made will help to consider whether or not if Natural Law does provide an adequate basis for morality or not. The arguments will look into Aquinas theory and if his beliefs provide a sense of morality for all humans. Natural Law is a moral theory which maintains that law should be based on morality and ethics. Natural Law holds that the law is based on what’s correct. Natural Law is discovered by humans through the use of reason and choosing between good and evil. It finds power in discovering certain universal standards in morality and ethics. The strengths that are found in Natural Law are the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality. It allows people to follow common rules so they can then structure communities. Natural Law provides justification and support for certain core ideas which are popular in modern times, for example human rights and equality. Natural Law provides a clear moral basis for Christians to follow, example would be, the primary precepts to ‘defend life’ which provides a moral rule to help people to understand that all life is sacred and we should defend all life. We are also able to us our reason in order to distinguish between what is right and what is wrong, it allows us to use our reason to fulfil our purpose as humans. A key argument that would be made is that not all people share the same life purposes; everyone wants to get something different out of life, fulfilling their own life purposes. Not all people â€Å"find love in the same way; some find love and purpose in life through the expression of their sexuality† (Robert Bowie). Aquinas did not consider that every human thinks and feels differently, to make his theory relatable to all humans. Human beings have their own minds; the whole person should be the decision maker and follow what makes them happy. Homosexual men and women argue the fact that they are not recognized as normal human beings. Aquinas believed that their actions should not be seen as normal human action but as unnatural because to him, they cannot lead normal lives like straight men and women simple because they cannot reproduce and that Aquinas believed that â€Å"as a human being must preserve the species every discharge of semen should be associated with life generation†(Robert Bowie). But it is not vital for ever discharge of semen should be producing a new life to maintain human life. Aquinas doesn’t consider how are functions effect are emotions, how they link to our emotions and thoughts. Natural Law has been argued to whether or not there is a common natural law that is apparent and self- evident, and also whether or not it can be right for each human and if every day life can be deduced from the fundamental laws e. g. primary precepts. Kai Neilson went against Aquinas theory, Neilson argued Aquinas beliefs in a basis human nature which is presented to all different cultures. Sciences view of an essential human nature is that it does not exist and that it’s not what makes a man a man. Human nature is seen as a vague cultural concept, is has never been scientifically proven so we cannot be sure if it actually does exist. ‘The challenge is that an essential human nature isn’t as obviously self-evident as Aquinas claims’ (Robert Bowie). In some ways, some forms of Natural Law could perhaps exist just not in the way Aquinas indented. He believed to use the genitals for other reason presides reproducing, was immoral. The human body and emotions works in different ways and it is not necessary that semen has to produce a new life every time. Aquinas believes that sex before marriage is wrong, and that in order for a couple to have sex they must have the intensions of spending the rest of their lives together. For a couple’s relationship to grow strong or maintain strong, by creating a sexual relationship, the couple’s relationship may benefit from this action. â€Å"Sexual activity isn’t only found in the genitalia’s’ (Robert Bowie). In today’s society the human physique is seen as one psycho-physical whole, it is no longer seen as the fragment requirements of parts which Aquinas had believed. Aquinas how a couple may need a sexual relationship for their feelings to mature. Times have changed since Aquinas’s theory, people within a relationship no longer wait until their married some even have children out of wedlock but are in stable relationship even if it’s with another person who is not their child’s parent. Homosexual relationships are no longer thrown upon and homosexual couples can now get married in church in front of God. Aquinas theory does no longer fit into today’s society simple because the new generations have grown up being taught differently. The programs that are now shown on TV for children and teens to watch have sent out a messages showing sense such as ’16 and pregnant’ that go against Aquinas beliefs. Aquinas Natural Moral Law is a Christian ethic but Jesus confronted legalistic morality in the New Testament. Natural moral law is similar to Pharisaic law and some debate that Jesus went against this approach. Some Christians have demanded that morality should be based on the individual rather than the types of acts that have been committed. Writer, Kevin T Kelly, pointed out two types of Christian morality, one ‘that is centred on acts’ and then another which is ‘centred on the dignity of the human person’ (Robert Bowie), separating the person from the act. Although natural law has its down sides there are some arguments that provide a basis for morality. Natural moral law provides a set of rules which people do follow to fulfil a moral life. The strengths that natural moral law provides are the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality; the rules that apply bring a structure to communities. Some religious believers use Natural law as a comfort blanket; it could be seen as something to rely on to help guide them to a moral way of life, Natural moral law gives a reason to be moral, â€Å"It gives guidance on day to day questions† (Robert Bowie). Natural law, although guides people in the way they live, is not a set of rules but a form of living a chose on how to achieve a person’s purpose and happiness. It provides us humans with a complete system of moral living. Natural moral law supports certain ideas in modern times for example human rights and equality. Humans are capable of discerning the difference between good and evil because they have a conscience. There are many manifestations of the good that we can pursue. Some, like procreation, are common to other nimals, and others, like the pursuit of truth, are inclinations peculiar to the capacities of human beings. Some contemporary Catholic theologians, like John Wijngaards, dispute the Magisterium’s interpretation of Natural Law as applied to specific points of sexual ethics, such as in the areas of contraceptives and homosexual unions. Natural moral goes against taking of a human’s life, â€Å"thou shall not kill† (Jesus) natural law follows this, the 5 primary precepts state that you should perverse all life, since life is a gift and all humans should find happiness and morality within their lifespan. Although Natural law does provide a framework for humans to be guided it also forgets to include the other types of cultures. Natural law was made for Christians which means that the rules and morals have been made to fit only Christian teachings, so it’s not suitable for all humans to follow and if not all human beings can follow it, then not all humans are gaining a basis for morality. Aquinas theory is seen as being out of date, with the new generation growing up in a world where sex before marriage doesn’t apply, his belief that no semen should be wasted and that it is unmoral to use the genitals for other reason besides reproducing is no longer seen as wrong but in some cases seen as sharing love between partners also homosexuality is no longer seen as a sin in some societies.

A True Hero Essay - 3569 Words

A True Hero As I read David Halberstam’s ideas in his essay, â€Å"Who We Are† (2004), I started thinking about our nation’s leaders and heroes. September 11th came to my mind and the many firefighters and rescue workers who heroically risked their lives to save complete strangers. Then, I remembered that the media dubbed Jessica Lynch a hero when she came back to the United States. Not only Jessica, but also many other American soldiers fighting abroad are called heroes. I started wondering if their bravery actually makes them true heroes or not. I asked myself, what is a hero? Do people need heroes? Where does the belief that we need heroes come from? This belief has caused us to over apply our use of the word to almost everyone:†¦show more content†¦Thinking under such an old light causes unclear shadows to be cast on our ideas of who we call heroes. II. Popular Definitions of a hero Today, the archaic meaning of â€Å"hero† has transformed so that there are not only larger-than-life heroes, but also ordinary people with the title. Instead of looking far and wide for a hero, we just have to look near and close for heroes. These heroes most often exist in the unlikeliest of places, right among us. Helen Keller once said, â€Å"The world is moved along not only by the mighty shoves of its heroes, but also by the aggregate of the tiny pushes of each honest worker† (Think Exist Quotations, 2005). Honest workers are ordinary people who perform extraordinary accomplishments. They make the world a better place by simply doing their jobs and being the best person they can be. In A Choice of Heroes, Mark Gerzon (1982) discusses men who â€Å"symbolize the emerging masculinities† or archetypes, which he calls The Companion, The Mediator, or The Nurturer, for example. However, these men that Gerzon describes as his leaders â€Å"are not superheroes; th ey are real men with ordinary faults. They are ordinary heroes† (p.236). These ordinary heroes that Helen Keller and Gerzon describe could be a father, a preacher, or a doctor. Often, times of tragedy unearth other everyday heroes. For example, on September 11, 2001, policemen, firefighters, and rescue workers became the face ofShow MoreRelatedHero As A True Hero1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe great and mighty Hercules once said, â€Å"A true hero isn’t measured by the size of his strength, but by the strength of his heart.† The word hero comes from the Greek, literal meaning of â€Å"protector† or â€Å"defender†. A great example of a tenacious protector is Beowulf, â€Å"Higlac’s follower and the strongest of the Geats - greater and stronger than anyone anywhere in this world,† (Beowulf 195). A man beloved and looked up to by his people- a noble warrior at heart. 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The needless killing and disrespect to other people s wishes is not part of what a hero should be, or is to endanger the people that he is in charge of. This is why odysseus is not a true hero. â€Å"A favorable wind brought us from the land of Troy to theRead MoreOdysseus : A True Hero1227 Words   |  5 Pageshave held debates about Odysseus. The discussion is whether Odysseus was a true hero, as read in The Odyssey. There is abundant supportive evidence to verify all sides of the debate and opinions held about Odysseus. Odysseus had encompassed many qualities that I believe make him a hero. The qualities he embodied were mental strength, physical strength, and spiritual strength. I would like to advocate for why Odysseus was a hero. To support my thesis, I want to explore Odysseus, first in the area ofRead MoreOdysseus Is A True Hero1233 Words   |  5 Pageswhether Odysseus was a true hero, as read in The Odyssey. 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Social And Corporate Responsibility Rompetrol Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2485 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? OMV is one of the leading companies in the world, that is why one of their main purposes is to have an encourage staff and employees to provide excellent service and attention to the customers. OMV company take special care about their staff by organizing a survey every year. The aim of this survey for OMV is to find employees` problems and to find possible solutions. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social And Corporate Responsibility Rompetrol Finance Essay" essay for you Create order OMV`s goals are to have happy and satisfied staff. In addition they organize specific health programs, which are planned by experts to prevent possible physical or psychical problems at the workplace. Also OMV is organizing training and developing programs, supporting team building. A very important part of OMV social and corporate responsibility is to pay special attention to the environment and nature surrounding. OMV hold a company called Future Energy Fund, which goal is to participate in projects connected with renewable energy and reduction of emissions. In addition OMV has a special technology called Ad Blue, which save 60% of the costs and emissions, and is particularly set to reduce greenhouse gases. Social and corporate responsibility Rompetrol: Rompetrol is also a large cooperation, which is not so popular in the world, that is why their main task is to have a happy and polite staff, so their customers want to come back. Rompetrol is participating in many ways for social and corporate responsibility. Rompetrol respect their employees and organize often development opportunities and employment practices. In addition they mostly respect, protect and promote the human rights, culture, customs and values of the company. In 2009 Rompetrol organized a national program called Together for each and everyone, which focuses on healthcare and environment program. Rompetrol and Ghizii Romaniei supported and organized a project, which aim to include ecology, educational activities, civic and sport spirit. In the recent two years, OMV has made discoveries in Romania, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and Australia. By this way they build that basis for future growth. This is the basis for future growth. In addition, many development pr ojects are in the pipeline in Yemen, Tunisia, and West of Shetland, for example. Assuming production levels in Libya and Yemen return to normal, EPs project portfolio will allow organic growth to increase from 318,000 boe/d in 2010 by around 2% per year to about 350,000 boe/d in 2016. In the current situation, Rompetrol say for them that the project they were planning is moving into action. Due to studies led by Rompetrol, they have estimated and increase of the current net USD 100 million margin over years 2007-2011. They benefit from the advice of Solomon partners and aim to realize maximum operational excellence upon minimal investments. Also, they are moving forward with the already started goal of being in the list of 25 European refineries. OMV will increase its EP business over the next years by two or four per cent per annum. Over two thirds of OMVs future investments will be directed towards the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas. What is more , the top executives of Rompetrol made a discussion about the future The leadership of the Rompetrol Group discuss a future co-operation with the Romanian state owning forty five present of the Rompetrol Groups Romania- based refining unit Rompetrol Rafinare. The working group will be consistent of the following executives: TRG Executive Manager Zhanat Tussupbekov. Moreover, Rompetrols strategic aim envisages co-operation its position in Bulgarian fuel market, with intensive and extensive development programs. However, they will enlarge retail network, by opening new franchised offices. Then Rompetrol will start many different programs to attract and retain client in their network. According to article which we find in the internet the Corporate Governance is highly essential to OMV. A good teamwork between management and the Advisory Board is important to respect and to work for the best interests of all shareholders and offer confidence to OMVs stakeholders. However OMV is r un are that Austrian government offers them lower taxes in order OMV to keep their head office in Vienna and in this way to save many working places. On the other hand the mission of Rompetrol is to offer reasonable fuel distribution answers to individuals and businesses, with the complete cost efficient supply channels, stimulating modernization and delivering return on investments to our shareholders. We stress to the vertical integration of its sole shareholder by providing access to European petroleum product markets. IAS 37 is the Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets summaries the accounting for supplies (liabilities of uncertain timing or amount), together with commission assets and contingent liabilities. Some of the major investment are related with future investments and discover new reserves. Some firms formed consortium liked the biggest one in the world between Total OMV and Repsol. They have a huge progress in Romania by finding new reserves of petrol and natural gas. The interesting fact here is that they will start examining the Bulgarian part of the Black sea shore. Rompetrol is on the same way interested in future investment but the main target is the Turkish market. Their major reserves are related mostly with the Kazakhstan national oil and gas company KazMunayGas. IFRS 8 suggests the accounting and admissions required for an entitys working sections, goods and services, and the geographical parts in which it operates and its main clients. In every period end OMV and Rompetrol are obligated to shows their cash flow in the business registry and that is the official way of showing their revenues. Unofficially everyone can look for the annual report in the internet but there is no guarantee that it will legitimate. PART B Every company needs a detailed explanation of its financial performance, how their entity is running in the market. They can use information of quantitative and qualitative nature extracted from both internal and external sources. Ratio analysis is a major part of conducting a business, according to Dyson (2007) it is simply the division of one arithmetical amount by other arithmetical amount, and then expressed as a percentage or as a factor. Basically, ratio analyses are one of the most useful financial tools, because it compares one figure with another. Simply it expresses relationship between lots of amounts easily and simply. Ratio analysis is an important technique in the interpretation of account, and in this paper we will evaluate ten ratios for both companies for the last two years and the outcomes, results will be analyzed. All numbers, figures and calculations used below are used and can be find in Appendix 1. Firstly, we evaluated liquidity ratios, which contain C urrent Asset ratio and Acid-test ratio. When we evaluate current asset ratio, if the company is going well his current assets should excess its current liabilities, if this rule is not observed that means that the entity havent sufficient liquid resources. Which means that the company will not be ready to turn its currents assets quickly into cash. In our situation OMV has higher current assets that current liabilities, which show that this company is stable, liquid and running well. On other hand we have Rompetrol, which has some troubles, because in 2011 its current liabilities increased and they are more than their current assets, which tell us that this company havent sufficient liquid resources. According to the acid-test ratio OMV has strong position on the market, the main requirement here is acid-test ratio to be smaller than current ratio and this rule is observed. On annual report of the other company, Rompetrol has also lower acid-test ratio, but the problem here is that they have decrease in inventories in the last 2011 year than 2010. Secondly, we calculated efficiency ratio, which are an important part of conducting a business. As a whole, traditional accounting statements dont tell us how efficiently an entity is or how well its resources have been looked after, that is why there are many types of ratios, which are very important about conducting a business. Trade Payables Settlement Period show us that OMV has some small problems with paying suppliers, but in the next 2011 they really improve this and decrease the payment with 20 days. Rompetrol is showing bare problems with paying to suppliers although they have decrease also in days, it is from 72 to 60, which is according to us not satisfied period, but this can be due to the times if crisis. Inventory turnover period show us how their inventory policy is moving. OMV confirm their good policy and we can see decrease in their inventory turnover period. Rompetrol is also showing little decr ease in inventory turnover period and prove their improvement. Trade Receivables Settlement Period ratio confirm that both companies are running well, and according to this ratio they have enhanced credit system, because both of them decrease the debtors period settlement. Net Assets Turnover is a pointer showing how generated revenue per unit of investment is improved. Both companies show that they are strength and stable, because we observe that they increased their net asset turnover from 2010 to 2011. Next step was to check up how profitability ratios are going on. Profitability ratio show us how much profit a business/company has made and also this type of ratios give us a great opportunity to compare it with previous periods or with other entities., according to Dyson (2007). Gross Profit Margin is a ratio which shows us that both companies have not well developed trading success, because their GPMs have decreased from 2010 to 2011. Operating Profit Margin is clearly showin g the ongoing performance of the company, also it measures levels of and rates of profitability, whether a company is successful or not. OMV and Rompetrol`s operating profit margins decreased from 2011 to 2010. Return on Capital Employed is also a part of profitability ratios and its main concept is to show how the business earnings from its assets. An eventual increase here, can be due to increase in operating profit. In our situation we observe increase in both companies. A major part of how the business flow is the Gearing Ratio, where debt has to be less than equity. OMV obey this rule and their non-current assets are less than total equity, but on the other hand we can observe that Rompetrol`s non-current liabilities increase and are more than equity from 2010 to 2011 and that is why their gearing ratio increase. According to the analyzed data, we can conclude that OMV is running well and is also a strong and stable company, because their mission is to increase their tota l assets and to decrease their liabilities and they succeed, while Rompetrol is facing some troubles with conducting and running the business as a whole. PART C Currently, the company controlled by the Austrian group OMV, seems to have adopted the idea of diversifying activity by increasing the weight of hy-drocarbon exploration and energy production. The important level, firms belonging to this industry is strongly influenced by the macroeconomic cycle, mainly by means of fuels and energy required in industrial processes. Therefore, the best time to invest in stocks of the energy field is towards the middle of the economic expansion. However, starting from the hypothesis of an economic revival as of 2013 and estimated by the stock exchange market, we have kept a rising price target set against current values. The analysis for the macro and micro economic factors for the both companies OMV and Rompetrol are very similar because there are in the same branch. The policy of the both company is to invest I different securities on the stock exchange to maximize their profit. In the macro analyses basically there are demographic factors how the population in countries is changing, what is the population growth and also what is the average education of the population in the countries where these companies are located. But the main differences came from the average income of the people in the different countries and also what are their savings and also dose the population have many credits. Also here in the macro economic factors we can put the investment political campaign and also into new technologies and into ecological improvements of the refineries and to produce more pollution friendly products and also to invest in organizations which are dealing with environment savings. The micro economic factors are in general formed from the different suppliers and customers. Also for its analyze formation are very important and the employees and least but not last the creditors are also very important. Part D Meeting 1; Date, time, location: 06.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: Choose two companies, which meet the requirements Make a plan, what should be written in the different parts Make some drafts of examples Finding all relevant ratios Finding annual reports for both companies for the recent years Details of any plans made or decisions taken: We decided to choose OMV and Rompetrol companies for our course work Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [1] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 6 Daniel Filev 7 Milena Frateva 5 Meeting 2; Date, time, location: 07.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We started Part A We discussed how should we have to analyse the ratios We make a research gathering about interesting information about both companies Review of the work done to date, or since the last meeting: We finished part A We found hot and special information about both companies We are ready to start parts B and C, because we have the relevant ratios and we discussed to analyse them Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [2] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Daniel Filev 7 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 6 Milena Frateva 5 Meeting 3; Date, time, location: 14.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We are ready with evaluating all ratios for both companies We put them into an appendix We are ready to analyse them in the next meeting Details of any plans made or decisions taken: To analyse Part B and to start Part C in the next meeting Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [3] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 7 Meeting 4; Date, time, location: 16.01.2013, 10:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We discussed how to analyse the ratios What does this results mean We finished part B We have a special meeting with people, who worked in the administration of both companies and asked them for interesting information, which will help us to finish part C We finish part C Details of any plans made or decisions taken: To make a meeting in Candy bar club (Kempinski Hotel Zografski) for the last part D Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [4] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 7 Meeting 5; Date, time, location: 17.01.2012, 18:30, Candy bar club (Hotel Kempinski Zografski) Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We finished Part D The course work is ready to be hand-in. Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [5]

Essay To My One Love - 1256 Words

Facing death at any age is difficult, but for Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and John Sullivan, it came early, resulting in two essays retelling their experience. In their accounts of these situations, the author can see they both want to emphasise that death can come in very unexpected situations. To My One Love, by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, begins on page 17 of 50 Essays by Samuel Cohen. In her essay, set in present day, she has flashbacks to her relationship with a boy â€Å"from the wrong side of town† named Nnamdi. They were in a loving relationship against their peers’ wishes. When it came time for them to separate due to education in separate locations, they had ended the relationship, but not before Nnamdi had promised that them†¦show more content†¦In addition to the brain scans, the article titled â€Å"Romance novel† on Wikipedia also shows support to my claim of the romance genre affecting the reader. The article states, â€Å"By the 2000s, romance had become the most popular genre in modern literature.†, and in speaking of 2008, â€Å"making up 13.5% of the consumer market.† With evidence of readers choosing romance genres, I believe the audience will also lean toward an essay containing a romance genre. Another way I believe To My One Love was more effective is because of the tone of her essay compared to Feet in Smoke. In To My One Love, Chimamanda recalls her experience in present day with flashbacks to when her and Nnamdi were together. In her present day, she presents herself with joy of just publishing poetry in a newspaper office. She says on page 17 of 50 Essays, â€Å"I swaggered and smiled, too full of accomplishment.† When she notices a picture on the wall of Nnamdi dead, the continuation of the essay is foreboding (the flashbacks) and somber (going through the rest of present day). 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Signal Transduction Exam 2018 Free Essays

This figure is from Labasque et al., 2008 (GPCR week). A) Describe the experiment shown here and what was learned as a result. We will write a custom essay sample on Signal Transduction Exam 2018 or any similar topic only for you Order Now B) Design a negative control for this experiment and describe why it is a good control. C) Design an experiment to confirm this result in living cells. Please include controls in your experimental design. Signal Transduction Exam 2018 A) The experiment was performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cell line. The extracts of solubilized proteins were taken under consideration for this experiment. These were then transfected with different vectors: CTL (empty vectors), co-transfected with GFP fused Calmodulin(GFP-CaM) and serotonin receptor either wild type 5-HT2C or 5-HT2CR376/377A which were treated with a vehicle or 5-HT for five minutes, they analyzed the binding reaction by Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation (IP) techniques. Immunoprecipitation was done of these soluble proteins with polyclonal antibody:anti-GFP. Furthermore, these immunoprecipitated proteins were blotted using a monoclonal anti-GFP antibody along with anti-5-HT2C receptor antibody.As a result of this experiment, it was found that the absence of agonist, 5-HT2C receptor did not co-immunoprecipitate with calmodulin in solubilized proteins that were co-transfected with Myc-5-HT2C receptor and GFP-CaM. However, serotonin receptor co-immunoprecipitated with GFP-CaM after treatment with 5-HT for 5 minutes. But the exposure with 5-HT2CR376/377A did not co-immunoprecipitate GFP-CaM with serotonin receptor. It proves that 5-HT2C receptors are linked with CaM depending on the presence of agonist. The experiment performed is to check the agonist dependent precipitation of GFP-CaM and serotonin receptors in the presence of Myc-5HT2C 5-HT exposure. So, the negative control to be designed here for this experiment can be simply of serotonin receptor and CaM. This would result in no immunoprecipitation and prove as a good negative control. On analyzing it through western blotting it could be proved that no immunoprecipitation had occurred in this control. To confirm the results in living cells the same experiment could be used to check the that whether the immunoprecipitation is agonist dependent or not. Take solubilized proteins from living cells and co-transfect them with GFP-CaM and 5-HT2C receptor followed by exposure to 5-HT, then analyze immunoprecipitation via western blotting. The negative control for this experiment will include only CaM and serotonin receptor, and further analyzing it with western blotting, the results of blotting will show no precipitation in negative.2. These figures are from Fig. 6A,C of Fan et al. (src kinase folder). (A) Explain the experiments shown here. What was being tested? What conclusions can be drawn? How can it be improved? (B) Design another experiment to test the same concept/hypothesis? Include your controls.4839335107886500A) In figure A: Human embryonic kidney cells were transfected with constructs for carrying out this experiment. Immuno-precipitation was carried out of tagged PAG with an antibody against regulator MYC, its interaction is studied here with SRC and BRK followed by immunoblotting analyzation. The result of this experiment was delaying in electrophoretic mobility of tagged PAG protein, when it was co-expressed with SRC. This delay is considered due to the hyper-phosphorylation. However, on co-expression of PAG and BRK this band shift was less evident. In figure C: Co-transfection of HEK 293 cells with MYC-PAG and SRC followed by treatment in the absence or presence of SRC kinase inhibitor SU6656 (5 M) for at least 1 hour. PAG was immunoprecipitated by antibody against MYC, and the binding of CSK was compared by immunoblotting. On the other hand, the disturbance of link b/w CSK and PAG was observed on weakening SRC activity by a small molecular inhibitor SU6656, this experiment concluded the importance of SRC kinase activity for functioning of CSK. Also, this study shows that distinct mechanisms have evolved to regulate the activities of two structurally similar and functionally related kinases, BRK and SRC, understanding of the signaling function of protein phosphatases, including definition of their substrate specificities, will allow us to exploit a greater spectrum of the changes in signaling in disease and to generate new and more effective strategies for therapeutic intervention in major human diseasesB) To test the same hypothesis with controls, take breast cancer frozen samples of different patients, divide the sample in two groups one will be the test group other the control group. The control group will be given doses of anti-tumor medication (like tamoxifen for breast cancer). RNA will be extracted from both groups using Trizol and will be followed by purification assay. The breast cancer cell lines will be transfected with empty vectors or pcDNA3-MKP3-V5. Furthermore, the transfectants will be placed in media like minimum essential media MEM with phenol red, followed by SDS PAGE electrophoresis, and transfer to nitrocellulose membrane. After transferring they will be incubated with primary antibody for an hour or more then with the secondary antibody to observe the chemiluminescence with a reagent. The cells will then be lysed in a buffer, phosphatase reaction carried out will be observed by assays and transfected cells will be compared with control ones to whom tamoxifen was given.36734750003. This is figure 4b from Gresset et al (phospholipases folder). (A) What is the hypothesis being tested in this experiment? (B) Describe how the experiment was done, including results. (C) Predict what might happen to PLC? activity if Tyrosine783 was ‘permanently’ phosphorylated and explain why. The hypothesis being tested here is the enhancement in the lipase activity of phospholipaseC-?1 via phosphorylation of one or both specified tyrosine residues (Y775 and Y783) in the downstream process of signal transduction.To perform the experiment, equal concentrations of purified phospholipase-C-?1 were set on incubation with the active kinase domain of the Fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR2 and ATP in bovine serum albumin containing buffer, the samples of this reactions were tested for two activities: 1) for lipase activity in the phospholipid vehicles indicated in the figure on left Y axis. Secondly the phosphate incorporation in phospholipase-C-?1 was studied, illustrated at right Y axis of the figure. 4 moles of phosphate were added to each test samples, the Wildtype inactive PLC?1 was taken as a normal control with its basal phospholipase activity, active PLC?1 with wildtype FGFR2K served as a positive control with phosphate and PLC?1 knockout mutant served as negative control to quantify the phospholipase activity among the mutants. This was performed to check the phosphorylation of tyrosine and auto inhibition of PLC-? isozymes, 775/783 of PLC-?1 were substitutes at the place of phenylalanine, they could be used individually or together, but in the experiment tyr783 is used individually. Phospholipase activity of resulting mutant after purification was quantified with active domain of FGFR2K (helps in phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase). Certain known moles of phosphates were added into purified PLC-?1 in wild type under above mentioned conditions and observed that phospholipase activity was enhanced 10 times. The mutation of tyr783 completely nullified the kinase stimulated acceleration of phospholipase activity along with reduction in FGFR2K-promoted phosphorylation of PLC-?1. This experiment proves that, phosphorylation of Tyr783 is vital for relief of auto-inhibition.Studies reveal that Tyr-783 was essential for auto inhibition. As discussed above, permanent phosphorylation of tyr-783 will completely nullify the kinase stimulated and FGFR2K stimulated phosphorylation of PLC-?1. Lipase activity of PLC-?1 will be enhanced across its limits and over-expression of PLC-?1 can induce malignant transformation. The results could be leading to production of carcinoma cells. It has been found in various studies that activity of PLC-?1 is more in cancerous cells as compared to normal cells. So, permanent phosphorylation tyr783 could be a way leading to malignant cancers.3416300-254000004. This figure is from Tsui et al. 2015. (lipid raft folder). (A) Explain the relationship between GFR and Ret51 and what they are testing in this paper (the overall idea). (B) Explain the experiment shown in this figure and what was learned. (C) What is a negative control that could improve the conclusions from this experiment?GFR and Ret51 both are receptors, GDNF is found to promote PNS development and kidney morphogenesis through the receptor complex consisting of GDNF family receptor 1 (GFR1) and the other receptor tyrosine kinase (Ret). Ret signal transduction is increased by translocation of GFR. GFR-mediated Ret activation is essential too for the kidney morphogenesis and for various other functions of abdominal precursors that form abdominal nervous system. Also, GFR has many lipid rafts because its GPI anchorage, but Ret is expelled from lipid rafts. In this paper, the gene replacement for GFR in mice results GDNF resulting in Ret activation but prevented its translocation into lipid rafts. These mice showed renal agenesis, and other disorders including loss of the enteric nervous system, and defects in motor neuron axon path similar to GFR mice that was knocked out, all this provided evidence along with lipid rafts GFR is also needed for neurotrophic factor signaling.Primary considerate neurons secluded from Gfr1and Gfr1TM/TM mice were maintained in vitro for some days. Then they treated the neurons with GDNF or medium for exact time of 15 minutes. The Detergent-resistant membranes quarantined from the neurons were examined by immunoblotting for Ret51. The comparative purity of detergent resistant and detergent soluble fractions was confirmed by using immunoblotting for caveolin and transferrin receptor, respectively B, the experiments shown in A, were computed and graphed. Otherwise, Substantial decline in the amount of Ret51 was recorded statistically that translocated into lipid rafts while GDNF stimulation in Gfr1TM/TM neurons compared with Gfr1 neurons. Similar Results were obtained after performing the experiment four times .Moreover, Lipid raft translocation experiments were performed to prove the concept that GDNF/GFR1/Ret complex does not translocate into lipid rafts in Gfr1TM/TM mice. Primary sympathetic neurons from Gfr1/ and Gfr1TM/TM mice were used to extract detergent-resistant membranes. Upon stimulation of Gfr1/ neurons with GDNF, Ret translocated quickly into lipid rafts. This was a contrast to Gfr1TM/TM neurons that an evident reduced movement of Ret into the detergent-resistant was recorded because of GDNF exposure. A small portion of Ret that did translocate into lipid rafts while stimulation may be owing to Ret kinase-dependent translocation of Ret into rafts that occurs with slower movements. There was a significant, 75% reduction in the kinetics of the Ret receptor complex into lipid rafts during GDNF exposure in Gfr1TM/TM neurons according to computation made by these experiments. The negative control design here for confirming the results that Ret doesn’t translocate into lipid rafts during GFL activation in Gfr1TM/TM neurons, the primary sympathetic neurons isolated from Gfr1/and Gfr1TM/TM mice will be grown in the same way as test ones, with the only difference that there will be no treatment with GDNF or medium for 15 minutes, and the impact of this will confirm the result to much greater extent upon immunoblotting. How to cite Signal Transduction Exam 2018, Papers