English Commentary :: English Literature

English Commentary The following is a commentary on paragraph in P.G 211 a 212 in the Sorrow of War.. The paragraph from page 211 to 212 has a very important significance to the story as a whole. It has a lot of metaphors and similes that add to the sorrowful mood of the story. In the beginning, the paragraph is very poetic, juxtaposing past images of life to future and present images of death and destruction. In specific it juxtaposes the "eternal" beauty of his girlfriend Phuong to the tragic finality of war. The paragraph is written in the simple past tense, the perfect past tense which means the past before the past and the hypothetical "would" in order to emphasize Kien's deep longings to relive the past. It also shows us how Kien lost his spirit of fighting, and gave up hope. This is spiritual loss, and it is what most soldiers were experiencing. There is basically no more hope, no more life, just death. Overall, the paragraph reflects images of the sorrows of war. The sorrows and effects of war are clearly shown when the narrator reverses traditional symbols. The first very evident example of reversing traditional symbols is the narrator's use of the concept of "miracle" and "dream" not to talk about a future goal but about the past. Thus returning to the past and finding it "unchanged" becomes a "miracle" and a "dream". We usually dream of the future and hope for a miracle that would "change" our lives. However the miracle that Kien awaits is to find that the past still exists "untouched" and "untainted". Of course that miracle is impossible and consequently the paragraph has a deep nostalgic sadness. Like Kien, we can feel the painful irony of the impossibility of this miracle to happen. Other images function in the same way to show Kien's despair and loss of hope. He saw "a river stretching before him. He saw himself floating towards his death". Here the narrator compares the river to a path that ends life. However, we usually associate rivers with freedom and ongoing life. The narrator also says "fate waited to take him from the terrible present to the happy days of the past". The narrator is showing us how much he longs to relive the past and how he dreads the present, and views his future as a horrible period of time. In the beginning of the paragraph, the narrator creates a beautiful world untouched by war through many poetic images. The narrator says "she would have been untainted by war". This shows us how war has

Natural Law does not provide an adequate basis for morality Essay

In this essay, the arguments made will help to consider whether or not if Natural Law does provide an adequate basis for morality or not. The arguments will look into Aquinas theory and if his beliefs provide a sense of morality for all humans. Natural Law is a moral theory which maintains that law should be based on morality and ethics. Natural Law holds that the law is based on what’s correct. Natural Law is discovered by humans through the use of reason and choosing between good and evil. It finds power in discovering certain universal standards in morality and ethics. The strengths that are found in Natural Law are the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality. It allows people to follow common rules so they can then structure communities. Natural Law provides justification and support for certain core ideas which are popular in modern times, for example human rights and equality. Natural Law provides a clear moral basis for Christians to follow, example would be, the primary precepts to ‘defend life’ which provides a moral rule to help people to understand that all life is sacred and we should defend all life. We are also able to us our reason in order to distinguish between what is right and what is wrong, it allows us to use our reason to fulfil our purpose as humans. A key argument that would be made is that not all people share the same life purposes; everyone wants to get something different out of life, fulfilling their own life purposes. Not all people â€Å"find love in the same way; some find love and purpose in life through the expression of their sexuality† (Robert Bowie). Aquinas did not consider that every human thinks and feels differently, to make his theory relatable to all humans. Human beings have their own minds; the whole person should be the decision maker and follow what makes them happy. Homosexual men and women argue the fact that they are not recognized as normal human beings. Aquinas believed that their actions should not be seen as normal human action but as unnatural because to him, they cannot lead normal lives like straight men and women simple because they cannot reproduce and that Aquinas believed that â€Å"as a human being must preserve the species every discharge of semen should be associated with life generation†(Robert Bowie). But it is not vital for ever discharge of semen should be producing a new life to maintain human life. Aquinas doesn’t consider how are functions effect are emotions, how they link to our emotions and thoughts. Natural Law has been argued to whether or not there is a common natural law that is apparent and self- evident, and also whether or not it can be right for each human and if every day life can be deduced from the fundamental laws e. g. primary precepts. Kai Neilson went against Aquinas theory, Neilson argued Aquinas beliefs in a basis human nature which is presented to all different cultures. Sciences view of an essential human nature is that it does not exist and that it’s not what makes a man a man. Human nature is seen as a vague cultural concept, is has never been scientifically proven so we cannot be sure if it actually does exist. ‘The challenge is that an essential human nature isn’t as obviously self-evident as Aquinas claims’ (Robert Bowie). In some ways, some forms of Natural Law could perhaps exist just not in the way Aquinas indented. He believed to use the genitals for other reason presides reproducing, was immoral. The human body and emotions works in different ways and it is not necessary that semen has to produce a new life every time. Aquinas believes that sex before marriage is wrong, and that in order for a couple to have sex they must have the intensions of spending the rest of their lives together. For a couple’s relationship to grow strong or maintain strong, by creating a sexual relationship, the couple’s relationship may benefit from this action. â€Å"Sexual activity isn’t only found in the genitalia’s’ (Robert Bowie). In today’s society the human physique is seen as one psycho-physical whole, it is no longer seen as the fragment requirements of parts which Aquinas had believed. Aquinas how a couple may need a sexual relationship for their feelings to mature. Times have changed since Aquinas’s theory, people within a relationship no longer wait until their married some even have children out of wedlock but are in stable relationship even if it’s with another person who is not their child’s parent. Homosexual relationships are no longer thrown upon and homosexual couples can now get married in church in front of God. Aquinas theory does no longer fit into today’s society simple because the new generations have grown up being taught differently. The programs that are now shown on TV for children and teens to watch have sent out a messages showing sense such as ’16 and pregnant’ that go against Aquinas beliefs. Aquinas Natural Moral Law is a Christian ethic but Jesus confronted legalistic morality in the New Testament. Natural moral law is similar to Pharisaic law and some debate that Jesus went against this approach. Some Christians have demanded that morality should be based on the individual rather than the types of acts that have been committed. Writer, Kevin T Kelly, pointed out two types of Christian morality, one ‘that is centred on acts’ and then another which is ‘centred on the dignity of the human person’ (Robert Bowie), separating the person from the act. Although natural law has its down sides there are some arguments that provide a basis for morality. Natural moral law provides a set of rules which people do follow to fulfil a moral life. The strengths that natural moral law provides are the strengths of an absolutist deontological view of morality; the rules that apply bring a structure to communities. Some religious believers use Natural law as a comfort blanket; it could be seen as something to rely on to help guide them to a moral way of life, Natural moral law gives a reason to be moral, â€Å"It gives guidance on day to day questions† (Robert Bowie). Natural law, although guides people in the way they live, is not a set of rules but a form of living a chose on how to achieve a person’s purpose and happiness. It provides us humans with a complete system of moral living. Natural moral law supports certain ideas in modern times for example human rights and equality. Humans are capable of discerning the difference between good and evil because they have a conscience. There are many manifestations of the good that we can pursue. Some, like procreation, are common to other nimals, and others, like the pursuit of truth, are inclinations peculiar to the capacities of human beings. Some contemporary Catholic theologians, like John Wijngaards, dispute the Magisterium’s interpretation of Natural Law as applied to specific points of sexual ethics, such as in the areas of contraceptives and homosexual unions. Natural moral goes against taking of a human’s life, â€Å"thou shall not kill† (Jesus) natural law follows this, the 5 primary precepts state that you should perverse all life, since life is a gift and all humans should find happiness and morality within their lifespan. Although Natural law does provide a framework for humans to be guided it also forgets to include the other types of cultures. Natural law was made for Christians which means that the rules and morals have been made to fit only Christian teachings, so it’s not suitable for all humans to follow and if not all human beings can follow it, then not all humans are gaining a basis for morality. Aquinas theory is seen as being out of date, with the new generation growing up in a world where sex before marriage doesn’t apply, his belief that no semen should be wasted and that it is unmoral to use the genitals for other reason besides reproducing is no longer seen as wrong but in some cases seen as sharing love between partners also homosexuality is no longer seen as a sin in some societies.

A True Hero Essay - 3569 Words

A True Hero As I read David Halberstam’s ideas in his essay, â€Å"Who We Are† (2004), I started thinking about our nation’s leaders and heroes. September 11th came to my mind and the many firefighters and rescue workers who heroically risked their lives to save complete strangers. Then, I remembered that the media dubbed Jessica Lynch a hero when she came back to the United States. Not only Jessica, but also many other American soldiers fighting abroad are called heroes. I started wondering if their bravery actually makes them true heroes or not. I asked myself, what is a hero? Do people need heroes? Where does the belief that we need heroes come from? This belief has caused us to over apply our use of the word to almost everyone:†¦show more content†¦Thinking under such an old light causes unclear shadows to be cast on our ideas of who we call heroes. II. Popular Definitions of a hero Today, the archaic meaning of â€Å"hero† has transformed so that there are not only larger-than-life heroes, but also ordinary people with the title. Instead of looking far and wide for a hero, we just have to look near and close for heroes. These heroes most often exist in the unlikeliest of places, right among us. Helen Keller once said, â€Å"The world is moved along not only by the mighty shoves of its heroes, but also by the aggregate of the tiny pushes of each honest worker† (Think Exist Quotations, 2005). Honest workers are ordinary people who perform extraordinary accomplishments. They make the world a better place by simply doing their jobs and being the best person they can be. In A Choice of Heroes, Mark Gerzon (1982) discusses men who â€Å"symbolize the emerging masculinities† or archetypes, which he calls The Companion, The Mediator, or The Nurturer, for example. However, these men that Gerzon describes as his leaders â€Å"are not superheroes; th ey are real men with ordinary faults. They are ordinary heroes† (p.236). These ordinary heroes that Helen Keller and Gerzon describe could be a father, a preacher, or a doctor. Often, times of tragedy unearth other everyday heroes. For example, on September 11, 2001, policemen, firefighters, and rescue workers became the face ofShow MoreRelatedHero As A True Hero1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe great and mighty Hercules once said, â€Å"A true hero isn’t measured by the size of his strength, but by the strength of his heart.† The word hero comes from the Greek, literal meaning of â€Å"protector† or â€Å"defender†. A great example of a tenacious protector is Beowulf, â€Å"Higlac’s follower and the strongest of the Geats - greater and stronger than anyone anywhere in this world,† (Beowulf 195). A man beloved and looked up to by his people- a noble warrior at heart. On the other hand, there are kingsRead MoreHero Essay : A Hero Is A Tr ue Hero805 Words   |  4 PagesReeve states, â€Å"A hero is an ordinary individual who finds the strength to preserve and endure in spite of overwhelming obstacles.† In other words, a hero is a everyday person that has the courage, bravery, and strength to overcome any challenge they are going through or as a challenge to help someone no matter what it takes. Even though there could be many struggles, a hero has to endure the strength to do anything to help in any way they can. Many people think they know what a hero is, but do theyRead MoreIs Odysseus A True Hero1352 Words   |  6 PagesMccann Mrs.Carroll English 01 February 2016 Is Odysseus A True Hero In the story The Odyssey the main character Odysseus is not a true hero. A man with so much hatred and anger should not be someone to hold to a high prestige, or want to be. The needless killing and disrespect to other people s wishes is not part of what a hero should be, or is to endanger the people that he is in charge of. This is why odysseus is not a true hero. â€Å"A favorable wind brought us from the land of Troy to theRead MoreOdysseus : A True Hero1227 Words   |  5 Pageshave held debates about Odysseus. The discussion is whether Odysseus was a true hero, as read in The Odyssey. There is abundant supportive evidence to verify all sides of the debate and opinions held about Odysseus. Odysseus had encompassed many qualities that I believe make him a hero. The qualities he embodied were mental strength, physical strength, and spiritual strength. I would like to advocate for why Odysseus was a hero. To support my thesis, I want to explore Odysseus, first in the area ofRead MoreOdysseus Is A True Hero1233 Words   |  5 Pageswhether Odysseus was a true hero, as read in The Odyssey. There is much supporting evidence to prove all sides of the debate and opinions held of Odysseus. It is of my opinion that Odysseus is a hero in his homeland, his family, the Greek people, and for us to learn from to this day. Odysseus had encompassed three many qualities that I believe made him a hero. He embodied, mental strength, physical strength, and spiritual strength. I would like to advocate for why Odysseus was a hero. To support my reasonsRead MoreHeroism : A True Hero1283 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge S Patton, a senior officer of the U.S. Army, once said, â€Å"The real hero is the man who fights even though he is scared.† The online dictionary from Merriam-Webster defines a hero as, â€Å"One who shows great courage.† People notice that a hero shows courage and perseverance in overwhelming positions. People can even be inspired to show the same in the problems they are going through. Maybe inside the hero they are nervous, or even scared, but outside they show that they will power through whateverRead MoreThe True Meaning Of A Hero1240 Words   |  5 PagesTo many the true definition of a hero varies. The true meaning of a hero varies according to the individuality of a person due to our uniqueness. A hero to some if not many, is a person who acquires courage, intelligence, strength, and has risked and sacrificed his life for the dignity of himself and the wellbeing of others. A h ero bears the characteristics of a leader, by not only possessing physical strength but most importantly intellectual strength. A hero is also described as someone who landsRead MoreBeowulf : A True Hero1763 Words   |  8 Pagesimpressionable king. Beowulf displays four key characteristics, courage, strength, knowledge, and respect/trust, which are extremely important to the plot, as well as for the life of the Geats, the Danes, and Beowulf’s true identity. From the beginning, Beowulf is viewed as the epitome of a true hero. He may have been somewhat selfish at times and boast about his achievements, but when it really mattered he is there for his people. These traits truly expose the heroic king he becomes. The courage and braveryRead MoreA True American Hero637 Words   |  3 PagesA True American Hero After reading about Alexander Hamilton we can definitely see the importance that he provided in establishing the United States. The author also did a very good job of explaining how Hamilton was able to do this. When we reading the story we can see that Hamilton was able to use his intelligence, Finical knowledge, hard work ethic,background, patriotism, and the respect that others had for him to influence and help establish the United States. It was by successfully obtainingRead MoreThe True Hero: Odysseus623 Words   |  2 Pagesan epic hero. Epic heroes all have good and bad qualities, for example Hercules is known as the strongest man in the world, but he is not that smart. Odysseus is a great example of an epic hero. He is smart, strong, and protected by gods and goddesses, but he does have faults in his actions considering he is only just a mortal. In Homer’s book, The Odyssey, Homer shows how Odysseus is truly an epic hero, by showing his journey back home to Ithaca. Odysseus’s most known trait of an epic hero is his

Social And Corporate Responsibility Rompetrol Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2485 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? OMV is one of the leading companies in the world, that is why one of their main purposes is to have an encourage staff and employees to provide excellent service and attention to the customers. OMV company take special care about their staff by organizing a survey every year. The aim of this survey for OMV is to find employees` problems and to find possible solutions. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social And Corporate Responsibility Rompetrol Finance Essay" essay for you Create order OMV`s goals are to have happy and satisfied staff. In addition they organize specific health programs, which are planned by experts to prevent possible physical or psychical problems at the workplace. Also OMV is organizing training and developing programs, supporting team building. A very important part of OMV social and corporate responsibility is to pay special attention to the environment and nature surrounding. OMV hold a company called Future Energy Fund, which goal is to participate in projects connected with renewable energy and reduction of emissions. In addition OMV has a special technology called Ad Blue, which save 60% of the costs and emissions, and is particularly set to reduce greenhouse gases. Social and corporate responsibility Rompetrol: Rompetrol is also a large cooperation, which is not so popular in the world, that is why their main task is to have a happy and polite staff, so their customers want to come back. Rompetrol is participating in many ways for social and corporate responsibility. Rompetrol respect their employees and organize often development opportunities and employment practices. In addition they mostly respect, protect and promote the human rights, culture, customs and values of the company. In 2009 Rompetrol organized a national program called Together for each and everyone, which focuses on healthcare and environment program. Rompetrol and Ghizii Romaniei supported and organized a project, which aim to include ecology, educational activities, civic and sport spirit. In the recent two years, OMV has made discoveries in Romania, the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, and Australia. By this way they build that basis for future growth. This is the basis for future growth. In addition, many development pr ojects are in the pipeline in Yemen, Tunisia, and West of Shetland, for example. Assuming production levels in Libya and Yemen return to normal, EPs project portfolio will allow organic growth to increase from 318,000 boe/d in 2010 by around 2% per year to about 350,000 boe/d in 2016. In the current situation, Rompetrol say for them that the project they were planning is moving into action. Due to studies led by Rompetrol, they have estimated and increase of the current net USD 100 million margin over years 2007-2011. They benefit from the advice of Solomon partners and aim to realize maximum operational excellence upon minimal investments. Also, they are moving forward with the already started goal of being in the list of 25 European refineries. OMV will increase its EP business over the next years by two or four per cent per annum. Over two thirds of OMVs future investments will be directed towards the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas. What is more , the top executives of Rompetrol made a discussion about the future The leadership of the Rompetrol Group discuss a future co-operation with the Romanian state owning forty five present of the Rompetrol Groups Romania- based refining unit Rompetrol Rafinare. The working group will be consistent of the following executives: TRG Executive Manager Zhanat Tussupbekov. Moreover, Rompetrols strategic aim envisages co-operation its position in Bulgarian fuel market, with intensive and extensive development programs. However, they will enlarge retail network, by opening new franchised offices. Then Rompetrol will start many different programs to attract and retain client in their network. According to article which we find in the internet the Corporate Governance is highly essential to OMV. A good teamwork between management and the Advisory Board is important to respect and to work for the best interests of all shareholders and offer confidence to OMVs stakeholders. However OMV is r un are that Austrian government offers them lower taxes in order OMV to keep their head office in Vienna and in this way to save many working places. On the other hand the mission of Rompetrol is to offer reasonable fuel distribution answers to individuals and businesses, with the complete cost efficient supply channels, stimulating modernization and delivering return on investments to our shareholders. We stress to the vertical integration of its sole shareholder by providing access to European petroleum product markets. IAS 37 is the Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets summaries the accounting for supplies (liabilities of uncertain timing or amount), together with commission assets and contingent liabilities. Some of the major investment are related with future investments and discover new reserves. Some firms formed consortium liked the biggest one in the world between Total OMV and Repsol. They have a huge progress in Romania by finding new reserves of petrol and natural gas. The interesting fact here is that they will start examining the Bulgarian part of the Black sea shore. Rompetrol is on the same way interested in future investment but the main target is the Turkish market. Their major reserves are related mostly with the Kazakhstan national oil and gas company KazMunayGas. IFRS 8 suggests the accounting and admissions required for an entitys working sections, goods and services, and the geographical parts in which it operates and its main clients. In every period end OMV and Rompetrol are obligated to shows their cash flow in the business registry and that is the official way of showing their revenues. Unofficially everyone can look for the annual report in the internet but there is no guarantee that it will legitimate. PART B Every company needs a detailed explanation of its financial performance, how their entity is running in the market. They can use information of quantitative and qualitative nature extracted from both internal and external sources. Ratio analysis is a major part of conducting a business, according to Dyson (2007) it is simply the division of one arithmetical amount by other arithmetical amount, and then expressed as a percentage or as a factor. Basically, ratio analyses are one of the most useful financial tools, because it compares one figure with another. Simply it expresses relationship between lots of amounts easily and simply. Ratio analysis is an important technique in the interpretation of account, and in this paper we will evaluate ten ratios for both companies for the last two years and the outcomes, results will be analyzed. All numbers, figures and calculations used below are used and can be find in Appendix 1. Firstly, we evaluated liquidity ratios, which contain C urrent Asset ratio and Acid-test ratio. When we evaluate current asset ratio, if the company is going well his current assets should excess its current liabilities, if this rule is not observed that means that the entity havent sufficient liquid resources. Which means that the company will not be ready to turn its currents assets quickly into cash. In our situation OMV has higher current assets that current liabilities, which show that this company is stable, liquid and running well. On other hand we have Rompetrol, which has some troubles, because in 2011 its current liabilities increased and they are more than their current assets, which tell us that this company havent sufficient liquid resources. According to the acid-test ratio OMV has strong position on the market, the main requirement here is acid-test ratio to be smaller than current ratio and this rule is observed. On annual report of the other company, Rompetrol has also lower acid-test ratio, but the problem here is that they have decrease in inventories in the last 2011 year than 2010. Secondly, we calculated efficiency ratio, which are an important part of conducting a business. As a whole, traditional accounting statements dont tell us how efficiently an entity is or how well its resources have been looked after, that is why there are many types of ratios, which are very important about conducting a business. Trade Payables Settlement Period show us that OMV has some small problems with paying suppliers, but in the next 2011 they really improve this and decrease the payment with 20 days. Rompetrol is showing bare problems with paying to suppliers although they have decrease also in days, it is from 72 to 60, which is according to us not satisfied period, but this can be due to the times if crisis. Inventory turnover period show us how their inventory policy is moving. OMV confirm their good policy and we can see decrease in their inventory turnover period. Rompetrol is also showing little decr ease in inventory turnover period and prove their improvement. Trade Receivables Settlement Period ratio confirm that both companies are running well, and according to this ratio they have enhanced credit system, because both of them decrease the debtors period settlement. Net Assets Turnover is a pointer showing how generated revenue per unit of investment is improved. Both companies show that they are strength and stable, because we observe that they increased their net asset turnover from 2010 to 2011. Next step was to check up how profitability ratios are going on. Profitability ratio show us how much profit a business/company has made and also this type of ratios give us a great opportunity to compare it with previous periods or with other entities., according to Dyson (2007). Gross Profit Margin is a ratio which shows us that both companies have not well developed trading success, because their GPMs have decreased from 2010 to 2011. Operating Profit Margin is clearly showin g the ongoing performance of the company, also it measures levels of and rates of profitability, whether a company is successful or not. OMV and Rompetrol`s operating profit margins decreased from 2011 to 2010. Return on Capital Employed is also a part of profitability ratios and its main concept is to show how the business earnings from its assets. An eventual increase here, can be due to increase in operating profit. In our situation we observe increase in both companies. A major part of how the business flow is the Gearing Ratio, where debt has to be less than equity. OMV obey this rule and their non-current assets are less than total equity, but on the other hand we can observe that Rompetrol`s non-current liabilities increase and are more than equity from 2010 to 2011 and that is why their gearing ratio increase. According to the analyzed data, we can conclude that OMV is running well and is also a strong and stable company, because their mission is to increase their tota l assets and to decrease their liabilities and they succeed, while Rompetrol is facing some troubles with conducting and running the business as a whole. PART C Currently, the company controlled by the Austrian group OMV, seems to have adopted the idea of diversifying activity by increasing the weight of hy-drocarbon exploration and energy production. The important level, firms belonging to this industry is strongly influenced by the macroeconomic cycle, mainly by means of fuels and energy required in industrial processes. Therefore, the best time to invest in stocks of the energy field is towards the middle of the economic expansion. However, starting from the hypothesis of an economic revival as of 2013 and estimated by the stock exchange market, we have kept a rising price target set against current values. The analysis for the macro and micro economic factors for the both companies OMV and Rompetrol are very similar because there are in the same branch. The policy of the both company is to invest I different securities on the stock exchange to maximize their profit. In the macro analyses basically there are demographic factors how the population in countries is changing, what is the population growth and also what is the average education of the population in the countries where these companies are located. But the main differences came from the average income of the people in the different countries and also what are their savings and also dose the population have many credits. Also here in the macro economic factors we can put the investment political campaign and also into new technologies and into ecological improvements of the refineries and to produce more pollution friendly products and also to invest in organizations which are dealing with environment savings. The micro economic factors are in general formed from the different suppliers and customers. Also for its analyze formation are very important and the employees and least but not last the creditors are also very important. Part D Meeting 1; Date, time, location: 06.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: Choose two companies, which meet the requirements Make a plan, what should be written in the different parts Make some drafts of examples Finding all relevant ratios Finding annual reports for both companies for the recent years Details of any plans made or decisions taken: We decided to choose OMV and Rompetrol companies for our course work Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [1] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 6 Daniel Filev 7 Milena Frateva 5 Meeting 2; Date, time, location: 07.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We started Part A We discussed how should we have to analyse the ratios We make a research gathering about interesting information about both companies Review of the work done to date, or since the last meeting: We finished part A We found hot and special information about both companies We are ready to start parts B and C, because we have the relevant ratios and we discussed to analyse them Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [2] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Daniel Filev 7 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 6 Milena Frateva 5 Meeting 3; Date, time, location: 14.01.2013, 11:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We are ready with evaluating all ratios for both companies We put them into an appendix We are ready to analyse them in the next meeting Details of any plans made or decisions taken: To analyse Part B and to start Part C in the next meeting Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [3] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 7 Meeting 4; Date, time, location: 16.01.2013, 10:00, IUC C-Lab Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We discussed how to analyse the ratios What does this results mean We finished part B We have a special meeting with people, who worked in the administration of both companies and asked them for interesting information, which will help us to finish part C We finish part C Details of any plans made or decisions taken: To make a meeting in Candy bar club (Kempinski Hotel Zografski) for the last part D Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [4] Tsvetan Iliev 678866 8 Valentin Fetvadjiev 678858 7 Meeting 5; Date, time, location: 17.01.2012, 18:30, Candy bar club (Hotel Kempinski Zografski) Hemis numbers of those attending: 678866, 678858 Brief details of the work done and / or topics discussed: We finished Part D The course work is ready to be hand-in. Peer Assessment Hemis number 0 and 8Â  [5]

Essay To My One Love - 1256 Words

Facing death at any age is difficult, but for Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie and John Sullivan, it came early, resulting in two essays retelling their experience. In their accounts of these situations, the author can see they both want to emphasise that death can come in very unexpected situations. To My One Love, by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, begins on page 17 of 50 Essays by Samuel Cohen. In her essay, set in present day, she has flashbacks to her relationship with a boy â€Å"from the wrong side of town† named Nnamdi. They were in a loving relationship against their peers’ wishes. When it came time for them to separate due to education in separate locations, they had ended the relationship, but not before Nnamdi had promised that them†¦show more content†¦In addition to the brain scans, the article titled â€Å"Romance novel† on Wikipedia also shows support to my claim of the romance genre affecting the reader. The article states, â€Å"By the 2000s, romance had become the most popular genre in modern literature.†, and in speaking of 2008, â€Å"making up 13.5% of the consumer market.† With evidence of readers choosing romance genres, I believe the audience will also lean toward an essay containing a romance genre. Another way I believe To My One Love was more effective is because of the tone of her essay compared to Feet in Smoke. In To My One Love, Chimamanda recalls her experience in present day with flashbacks to when her and Nnamdi were together. In her present day, she presents herself with joy of just publishing poetry in a newspaper office. She says on page 17 of 50 Essays, â€Å"I swaggered and smiled, too full of accomplishment.† When she notices a picture on the wall of Nnamdi dead, the continuation of the essay is foreboding (the flashbacks) and somber (going through the rest of present day). The foreboding and somberness puts emphasis on the emotions of facing death in unexpected situations (Chimamanda didn’t expect Nnamdi to die so early in life or to see a picture of him on the wall which brought back all those feelings). In Feet in Smoke, the tone is more scattered, going from neutral (just relaying facts of how hisShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of To My One Love By Chimamanda Adichie1013 Words   |  5 Pages Amongst the two paired essays, To My One Love by Chimamanda Adichie, and My Periodic Table by Oliver Sacks, Adichie’s essay was the most effective in terms addressing the mournful topic of facing death. This melancholy writing expresses the ceaseless impacts of young love, and young loss. Between both essays, To My One Love is more effective in its purpose. To My One Love is a tender story about GB (Adichie) and her brief lover Nnamdi. The writing starts with 19 year old Adichie getting her firstRead MoreWhy I Am Addicted With How You Should Write It?893 Words   |  4 PagesThere is no limiting in how you should write it, what you can write it or when you should write it. Writing is freedom. It could be about the beauty, the nature, your passion, your past love, or anything. Writing has no barriers, it is limitless. When you try to write, you are paralyzed. That is because you are in your own thought, your own world. As you begin that thought process you are out of this planet. You will see stars, galaxies, dust clouds, shining lights everywhere.. even a dangerousRead MoreReflective Essay Writing708 Words   |  3 PagesImagine writing a ten-page essay on something you feel very strongly about, then being told you have to reduce the size of your essay to only two pages. 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Many have already fallen victim to the pursuit of the American Dream – a fantastic projection of life that varies based upon its dreamer. However, the road to the American Dream, if followed blindly, can lead to nothing more than a dead end. In The GreatRead MoreThe Joy Of Reading And Writing : Superman And Me933 Words   |  4 PagesIn the essay â€Å"The Joy of Reading and Writing: Superman and Me† Sherman Alexie writes about himself as a young boy trying to be more than just an â€Å"Indian boy who lives on a reservation,† or an â€Å"oddity.† His implied thesis reveals that he used reading to try and save his life and wants to help others to do the same. Alexie presents this thesis through an expressive and literary pu rpose, and continues to employ patterns of description and classification. Alexie’s primary purpose is expressive.Read MoreMy First Day At School839 Words   |  4 Pagesbitter, tired, and angry. I knew this year would be the toughest year of my high school career and in no way shape or form was I looking forward to it. I went to school as if it were any other first day, greeting friends and trying to fight through the crowd to get to the locator list where I would find my first period teacher. After five minutes of pushing and shoving, I finally reached the front and found my name. I traced my finger along the dotted line to find â€Å"Mr. Hall†. I had never heard of thisRead MoreLimits On Writing955 Words   |  4 Pagespeople, mainly students, begin to hate writing essays, lab reports, etc. My writing style has mainly developed into three branches for adapting to limits: a branch that conforms to the limits they want you to do in essays, a branch for writing the limits of reports and research papers, and a branch for writing for fun and for free-writes which necessarily have no limits. 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Signal Transduction Exam 2018 Free Essays

This figure is from Labasque et al., 2008 (GPCR week). A) Describe the experiment shown here and what was learned as a result. We will write a custom essay sample on Signal Transduction Exam 2018 or any similar topic only for you Order Now B) Design a negative control for this experiment and describe why it is a good control. C) Design an experiment to confirm this result in living cells. Please include controls in your experimental design. Signal Transduction Exam 2018 A) The experiment was performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cell line. The extracts of solubilized proteins were taken under consideration for this experiment. These were then transfected with different vectors: CTL (empty vectors), co-transfected with GFP fused Calmodulin(GFP-CaM) and serotonin receptor either wild type 5-HT2C or 5-HT2CR376/377A which were treated with a vehicle or 5-HT for five minutes, they analyzed the binding reaction by Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation (IP) techniques. Immunoprecipitation was done of these soluble proteins with polyclonal antibody:anti-GFP. Furthermore, these immunoprecipitated proteins were blotted using a monoclonal anti-GFP antibody along with anti-5-HT2C receptor antibody.As a result of this experiment, it was found that the absence of agonist, 5-HT2C receptor did not co-immunoprecipitate with calmodulin in solubilized proteins that were co-transfected with Myc-5-HT2C receptor and GFP-CaM. However, serotonin receptor co-immunoprecipitated with GFP-CaM after treatment with 5-HT for 5 minutes. But the exposure with 5-HT2CR376/377A did not co-immunoprecipitate GFP-CaM with serotonin receptor. It proves that 5-HT2C receptors are linked with CaM depending on the presence of agonist. The experiment performed is to check the agonist dependent precipitation of GFP-CaM and serotonin receptors in the presence of Myc-5HT2C 5-HT exposure. So, the negative control to be designed here for this experiment can be simply of serotonin receptor and CaM. This would result in no immunoprecipitation and prove as a good negative control. On analyzing it through western blotting it could be proved that no immunoprecipitation had occurred in this control. To confirm the results in living cells the same experiment could be used to check the that whether the immunoprecipitation is agonist dependent or not. Take solubilized proteins from living cells and co-transfect them with GFP-CaM and 5-HT2C receptor followed by exposure to 5-HT, then analyze immunoprecipitation via western blotting. The negative control for this experiment will include only CaM and serotonin receptor, and further analyzing it with western blotting, the results of blotting will show no precipitation in negative.2. These figures are from Fig. 6A,C of Fan et al. (src kinase folder). (A) Explain the experiments shown here. What was being tested? What conclusions can be drawn? How can it be improved? (B) Design another experiment to test the same concept/hypothesis? Include your controls.4839335107886500A) In figure A: Human embryonic kidney cells were transfected with constructs for carrying out this experiment. Immuno-precipitation was carried out of tagged PAG with an antibody against regulator MYC, its interaction is studied here with SRC and BRK followed by immunoblotting analyzation. The result of this experiment was delaying in electrophoretic mobility of tagged PAG protein, when it was co-expressed with SRC. This delay is considered due to the hyper-phosphorylation. However, on co-expression of PAG and BRK this band shift was less evident. In figure C: Co-transfection of HEK 293 cells with MYC-PAG and SRC followed by treatment in the absence or presence of SRC kinase inhibitor SU6656 (5 M) for at least 1 hour. PAG was immunoprecipitated by antibody against MYC, and the binding of CSK was compared by immunoblotting. On the other hand, the disturbance of link b/w CSK and PAG was observed on weakening SRC activity by a small molecular inhibitor SU6656, this experiment concluded the importance of SRC kinase activity for functioning of CSK. Also, this study shows that distinct mechanisms have evolved to regulate the activities of two structurally similar and functionally related kinases, BRK and SRC, understanding of the signaling function of protein phosphatases, including definition of their substrate specificities, will allow us to exploit a greater spectrum of the changes in signaling in disease and to generate new and more effective strategies for therapeutic intervention in major human diseasesB) To test the same hypothesis with controls, take breast cancer frozen samples of different patients, divide the sample in two groups one will be the test group other the control group. The control group will be given doses of anti-tumor medication (like tamoxifen for breast cancer). RNA will be extracted from both groups using Trizol and will be followed by purification assay. The breast cancer cell lines will be transfected with empty vectors or pcDNA3-MKP3-V5. Furthermore, the transfectants will be placed in media like minimum essential media MEM with phenol red, followed by SDS PAGE electrophoresis, and transfer to nitrocellulose membrane. After transferring they will be incubated with primary antibody for an hour or more then with the secondary antibody to observe the chemiluminescence with a reagent. The cells will then be lysed in a buffer, phosphatase reaction carried out will be observed by assays and transfected cells will be compared with control ones to whom tamoxifen was given.36734750003. This is figure 4b from Gresset et al (phospholipases folder). (A) What is the hypothesis being tested in this experiment? (B) Describe how the experiment was done, including results. (C) Predict what might happen to PLC? activity if Tyrosine783 was ‘permanently’ phosphorylated and explain why. The hypothesis being tested here is the enhancement in the lipase activity of phospholipaseC-?1 via phosphorylation of one or both specified tyrosine residues (Y775 and Y783) in the downstream process of signal transduction.To perform the experiment, equal concentrations of purified phospholipase-C-?1 were set on incubation with the active kinase domain of the Fibroblast growth factor receptor FGFR2 and ATP in bovine serum albumin containing buffer, the samples of this reactions were tested for two activities: 1) for lipase activity in the phospholipid vehicles indicated in the figure on left Y axis. Secondly the phosphate incorporation in phospholipase-C-?1 was studied, illustrated at right Y axis of the figure. 4 moles of phosphate were added to each test samples, the Wildtype inactive PLC?1 was taken as a normal control with its basal phospholipase activity, active PLC?1 with wildtype FGFR2K served as a positive control with phosphate and PLC?1 knockout mutant served as negative control to quantify the phospholipase activity among the mutants. This was performed to check the phosphorylation of tyrosine and auto inhibition of PLC-? isozymes, 775/783 of PLC-?1 were substitutes at the place of phenylalanine, they could be used individually or together, but in the experiment tyr783 is used individually. Phospholipase activity of resulting mutant after purification was quantified with active domain of FGFR2K (helps in phosphorylation and activation of phospholipase). Certain known moles of phosphates were added into purified PLC-?1 in wild type under above mentioned conditions and observed that phospholipase activity was enhanced 10 times. The mutation of tyr783 completely nullified the kinase stimulated acceleration of phospholipase activity along with reduction in FGFR2K-promoted phosphorylation of PLC-?1. This experiment proves that, phosphorylation of Tyr783 is vital for relief of auto-inhibition.Studies reveal that Tyr-783 was essential for auto inhibition. As discussed above, permanent phosphorylation of tyr-783 will completely nullify the kinase stimulated and FGFR2K stimulated phosphorylation of PLC-?1. Lipase activity of PLC-?1 will be enhanced across its limits and over-expression of PLC-?1 can induce malignant transformation. The results could be leading to production of carcinoma cells. It has been found in various studies that activity of PLC-?1 is more in cancerous cells as compared to normal cells. So, permanent phosphorylation tyr783 could be a way leading to malignant cancers.3416300-254000004. This figure is from Tsui et al. 2015. (lipid raft folder). (A) Explain the relationship between GFR and Ret51 and what they are testing in this paper (the overall idea). (B) Explain the experiment shown in this figure and what was learned. (C) What is a negative control that could improve the conclusions from this experiment?GFR and Ret51 both are receptors, GDNF is found to promote PNS development and kidney morphogenesis through the receptor complex consisting of GDNF family receptor 1 (GFR1) and the other receptor tyrosine kinase (Ret). Ret signal transduction is increased by translocation of GFR. GFR-mediated Ret activation is essential too for the kidney morphogenesis and for various other functions of abdominal precursors that form abdominal nervous system. Also, GFR has many lipid rafts because its GPI anchorage, but Ret is expelled from lipid rafts. In this paper, the gene replacement for GFR in mice results GDNF resulting in Ret activation but prevented its translocation into lipid rafts. These mice showed renal agenesis, and other disorders including loss of the enteric nervous system, and defects in motor neuron axon path similar to GFR mice that was knocked out, all this provided evidence along with lipid rafts GFR is also needed for neurotrophic factor signaling.Primary considerate neurons secluded from Gfr1and Gfr1TM/TM mice were maintained in vitro for some days. Then they treated the neurons with GDNF or medium for exact time of 15 minutes. The Detergent-resistant membranes quarantined from the neurons were examined by immunoblotting for Ret51. The comparative purity of detergent resistant and detergent soluble fractions was confirmed by using immunoblotting for caveolin and transferrin receptor, respectively B, the experiments shown in A, were computed and graphed. Otherwise, Substantial decline in the amount of Ret51 was recorded statistically that translocated into lipid rafts while GDNF stimulation in Gfr1TM/TM neurons compared with Gfr1 neurons. Similar Results were obtained after performing the experiment four times .Moreover, Lipid raft translocation experiments were performed to prove the concept that GDNF/GFR1/Ret complex does not translocate into lipid rafts in Gfr1TM/TM mice. Primary sympathetic neurons from Gfr1/ and Gfr1TM/TM mice were used to extract detergent-resistant membranes. Upon stimulation of Gfr1/ neurons with GDNF, Ret translocated quickly into lipid rafts. This was a contrast to Gfr1TM/TM neurons that an evident reduced movement of Ret into the detergent-resistant was recorded because of GDNF exposure. A small portion of Ret that did translocate into lipid rafts while stimulation may be owing to Ret kinase-dependent translocation of Ret into rafts that occurs with slower movements. There was a significant, 75% reduction in the kinetics of the Ret receptor complex into lipid rafts during GDNF exposure in Gfr1TM/TM neurons according to computation made by these experiments. The negative control design here for confirming the results that Ret doesn’t translocate into lipid rafts during GFL activation in Gfr1TM/TM neurons, the primary sympathetic neurons isolated from Gfr1/and Gfr1TM/TM mice will be grown in the same way as test ones, with the only difference that there will be no treatment with GDNF or medium for 15 minutes, and the impact of this will confirm the result to much greater extent upon immunoblotting. How to cite Signal Transduction Exam 2018, Papers

Christian Ethics for Theological and Historical- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theChristian Ethics for Theological and Historical. Answer: The article The Centrality of Conscience in Eastern Orthodox Ethics by Father Stanley S. Harakas sheds light on the orthodox perspective of conscience through several perspectives. Conscience is perceived as the psychological phenomenon (Klanjek., Vazsonyi and Trejos-Castillo 2012). Conscience makes human psyche to segregate the morally right from the morally wrong. Conscience has a several types of interpretations, as it cannot be analyzed in a uniform manner. According to Socrates interpretation of conscience, Diamon, the conscience is forced phenomenon on human psyche condemning the wrong and praising the right (Klanjek., Vazsonyi and Trejos-Castillo 2012). The eastern orthodox ethics advocates the concept of Guardian Angel and Voice of God in depicting conscience. The centrality of conscience defines the God is absolute good. According to me, the concept of Guardian Angel does not stand. In reality there is no customary angel on anyone`s shoulder to instruct them towards the morally right path and on the hand the devil perched on other shoulder is restricted from doing the right (Bezzerides, Prodromou 2017). Conscience is regulated by the emotions of human being, which is influenced by the factors like, family, environment, and education and genetic. The Eastern Orthodox Ethics also draws the example of Adam and Eve in terms of covering the guilt the conscience is used as the excuse to escape the guilt. According to me conscience is a phenomenon restricts the human from committing wrong so that the guilt does not sting the human psyche (Bezzerides, Prodromou 2017). Lastly, the conscience does not work in a mechanical manner. One has to develop a sharp and enriched conscience. In the article Foundations of a Christian Ethic, the Christian Ethic is defined as a perception of Christian theology that segregates the morally good behavior from the immoral behavior. In terms of Christian Ethic Grenez suggests that there are several perspectives of Christian Ethics, which differ from each other (Glaw 2014). Ethics not always connected to spirit and word. The heteronymous perspective of Christian Ethic focuses on the written draft of scripture. Christian Ethic depends on the external sources, as it believes the God instructed people with the way of living a life (Glaw 2014). On the contrary, the Protestants believe the Bible as the ultimate source of ethereal guidance. In term of regulating human life the Protestant`s view is that Bible is the foundation of life. The law suggests there are some embargoes in leading the daily life, which is directly connected, to specific foods (Niebuhr 2012). According to Grenzs perspective about the foundation of Christian Ethic is related to the Bible, which is considered as the law book of leading a life. Grenz looks into the principles, which is written in the scriptures for primary source of specific laws. Grenz supports the heteronymous perspectives of foundation of Christian Ethics, though the heteronymous perspectives are formed from assumption of the divine revelation. According to Grenz the biblical definition of God is the ultimate creator and there is a fundamental relationship between the God and the earth and the heaven (Niebuhr 2012). Grenz suggest that declaration of the existence of God is the answer of many ethical questions of ethical value of Christianity. References Bezzerides, A.M. and Prodromou, E.H. eds., 2017.Eastern Orthodox Christianity and American Higher Education: Theological, Historical, and Contemporary Reflections. University of Notre Dame Pess. Glaw, A.M., 2014.The Holy Spirit and Christian Ethics in the Theology of Klaus Bockmuehl. Wipf and Stock Publishers. Klanjek, R., Vazsonyi, A.T. and Trejos-Castillo, E., 2012. Religious orientation, low self-control, and deviance: Muslims, Catholics, Eastern Orthodox-, and Bible Belt Christians.Journal of Adolescence,35(3), pp.671-682. Niebuhr, R., 2012.An interpretation of Christian ethics. Westminster John Knox Press.